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Peter's bright snake Liophidium mayottensis Liophidium mayottensis, photographié à Mayotte, Lac Karihani, mars 2019. Photo : Kathleen C. Webster. Figure 7: Liophidium mayottensis, photographed in Mayotte, Lac Karihani, March 2019. Picture: Kathleen C. Webster. Localization Mayotte (France) Threats Cultures, agriculture Hunting and trapping of land animals Invasive species Non-native diseases Population Number of individuals unknown, highly fragmented populations I.U.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Not indexed Trade France : Order No. 361/DEAL/SPR/2018 of December 3, 2018 The species itself does not have any legal economic value because its capture, possession and trade are prohibited by law. Prefectural Order No. 361/DEAL/SEPR/2018 of 14 December 2018 Prohibition throughout the territory of Mayotte of the destruction or removal of eggs or nests, as well as the mutilation, destruction, capture or removal, intentional disturbance, naturalization, whether they are alive or dead, their transport, peddling, use, possession, offering for sale, sale or purchase. The destruction, alteration or degradation of breeding sites and resting areas of animals is also prohibited in the parts of the territory of Mayotte where the species is present as well as in the natural range of existing population centres. These prohibitions apply to the physical or biological elements deemed necessary for the reproduction or rest of the species in question, as long as they are actually used or usable during the successive cycles of reproduction or rest of that species and for all that the destruction, alteration or degradation calls into question the proper completion of these biological cycles. Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. References : PNA_couleuvre_de_Mayotte.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

IDENTIFICATION SHEETS Know better, save better Here you will find the identification sheets needed to determine if the species listed on the offer you found is indeed an endangered species. If this is the case (IUCN from VU to EW, or even EX and CITES Appendix I), copy the offer link or take a screenshot before sending it to the corresponding expert (see below the sheets). Mammalia - Bovidae Hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus ) Herbivore Sahel, East Africa, South Africa IUCN: L.C. - not threatened C.I.T.E.S.: not reported Did you know? There are 8 subspecies, including one living in North Africa and the Near East, extinct in 1925. Some scientists believe that some of them are separate species. Mammalia - Primate Sunda slow loris (Nycticebus cougang ) Insectivore Southeast Asia IUCN: EN - ENDANGERED CITES: Appendix I Did you know? Many people want it as a pet because of the videos on the Internet, but it secretes a toxic substance that has already caused medical complications. Mammalia - Chiroptera Bats (Chiroptera) Insectivore/ Frugivore/ Piscivore/ Hematophage according to taxa Worldwide except at the Poles I.U.C.N.: according to species C.I.T.E.S.: often not reported Did you know? Many species of bats are threatened, in particular, tropical bats (e.g. Otomops formosus), for sale on the Internet. Some scientists have sounded the alarm to stem this scourge. Mammalia - Equidae Zebra (Equus zebra, E. quagga , E. grevyi ) Herbivore Eastern and Southern Africa I.U.C.N. : E. zebra : V.U. - VULNERABLE E. quagga : N.T. - Near-threatened E. grevyi : E.N. - ENDANGERED C.I.T.E.S. : E. zebra : Appendix II E. quagga : not reported E. grevyi : Appendix I Did you know? Each stripe pattern is unique. Reptiles - Chelonia Green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas ) Carnivore (until juvenile stage and occasionally)/ Herbivore (adult) Oceans (except Poles) I.U.C.N.: EN - ENDANGERED C.I.T.E.S.: Appendix I Did you know? They lay their eggs on the beaches where they were born. Fish - Chondrichthyes Dusky shark (Carcharhinus obscurus ) Carnivore/Piscivore/Scavenger Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans I.U.C.N.: EN - ENDANGERED C.I.T.E.S.: not reported Did you know? It can be confused with the bull shark and has large green-yellow eyes. Echinodermata Pineapple sea cucumber (Thelenota ananas ) Filter feeder Indian and Pacific Oceans, Southeast Asia, Red Sea IUCN: EN - ENDANGERED CITES: Appendix II Did you know? This species is eaten, especially in Southeast Asia, where it is called "trepang" or "prickly redfish". 6 other species are threatened with extinction and many look like droppings. Arthropoda - Insecta Wallace's giant bee (Megachile pluto ) Phytophagous (tree resin) Indonesia I.U.C.N.: VU - VULNERABLE C.I.T.E.S.: not reported Did you know? It was rediscovered by a sale on the Internet. This bee is at the origin of the OURANOS program. Photograph : Naturalis Biodiversity Center — bioportal.naturalis.nl Megachile pluto (adult, frontal view) : Preserved specimen number RMNH.INS.108875 from Naturalis Biodiversity Center - Zoology and Geology catalogues (nl) collected in North-West Obi Moluccas on 1953-10-19 by Wegner, A. File:Megachile pluto - frontal view - Naturalis Biodiversity Center (1953).jpg Date de création : 16 mars 2018

Mission and methods ミッションと方法 English version / 英語版 : Team Zan is a dugong habitat research team in Okinawa coordinated by the association that watches over dugongs at the northern limit, and the official name is "Dugong Survey Team Zan" at the northern limit. "Zan" (or "Jean") is a typical name for dugongs in Okinawa, so we chose this as the name of the team. Investigation of Team Zan's bite marks It is difficult to investigate the behavior of the dugong itself because the number of dugongs in Okinawa is too small, but the bite marks left after the dugong uproots the seagrass remain for a while until the seagrass regenerates, so it is possible to grasp the habitat of the dugong to some extent by regularly examining the bite marks. The food trace survey is carried out by the "manta ray method". What is the Manta Ray Method? While traveling back and forth by boat within the set survey area, the surveyor pulled by the boat visually searches for the bite marks of the seagrass beds. When we find bite marks, we measure their size (length, width, depth) and record the type of seaweed and the degree of coverage. By doing this, we would like to know where dugongs are, what kind of seaweed they eat, and how much. How do you use the results of your research? In order to protect them, it is necessary to know the situation of the dugong, which is the object of protection, and to know the situation and changes in the seagrass, which is the only food of the dugong. By continuing this research, we will be able to create basic data for protection measures. Citizen Survey on Dugongs and Their Habitats in Okinawa Watching over dugongs at the northern limit The Okinawan dugong is a local population that inhabits the northernmost part of the world, but its number is estimated to be less than 50 and its survival is in danger. Although it is a national natural monument and is designated as an "endangered IA" species with the highest threat of extinction in the Red Data Book of Okinawa Prefecture, dugongs are not listed in the Red Data Book of the Ministry of the Environment, and the government has not yet taken concrete measures to protect them. Our mission is to save the Okinawan dugong from extinction as a local population and to restore its habitat and population. At the same time, we recognize that it is a major role of the association to convey the importance of protecting ecosystems, including wildlife. In particular, dugongs feed only on seagrass that grows in shallow waters several meters deep near the shore, so they are destined to be unable to leave the coast near the place of human activity. Therefore, it is important to understand that the ability of dugongs to maintain an environment in which they can live depends on human behavior. The specific goal of our activities is to conduct surveys in collaboration with local citizens and researchers, to identify appropriate protection measures with a solid scientific background, and to implement specific protection measures based on these surveys. In the future, I would like to have the national government set up protected areas and establish a system that steadily implements ecosystem management. There are three threats facing dugongs in Okinawa. The first is the relocation of the Futenma Air Base to Henoko, which is one of the important habitats for dugongs due to the spread of vast seagrass beds, the second is bycatch by fishing nets, and the thirdThe first is the deterioration of habitat environments, including seagrass beds. In order to eliminate these problems, take conservation measures, and manage habitats, it is necessary to conduct scientific investigations, analyses, and examinations that form the basis of these problems. On the other hand, regarding the issue of the relocation of the Futenma Air Base, there is a concern that the impact assessment of the base on dugongs and their habitats will not be justified. Environmental assessments in Japan are watered down and dysfunctional as a tool for preserving the environment for businesses. The reality in Japan today is that scientists have challenged the results of the assessments, presented fair assessments of the impact of the project, and warned about the impact of the project, despite the fact that it is being enforced. In view of this reality and the fact that there are almost no researchers specializing in dugongs in Japan, we have decided to conduct a survey to assess the impact of the base and to protect dugongs in cooperation with overseas researchers and the international community. The government has said that it will shorten the period of the environmental assessment, and there are concerns that it will not be properly evaluated. In order to prevent the construction of the base unnecessarily, we will appeal for the protection of dugongs and their habitats based on scientific evidence, with the cooperation of overseas dugong researchers under "external pressure." 【Outline of the Survey】 The urgent task is to clarify the current situation and changes in the ecology of dugongs and their important habitat, seagrass beds, for conservation. This is very important for assessing the impact of human activities, including the relocation of bases, and it is impossible to continue to carry out the necessary monitoring surveys without cooperation with local residents. In addition, we believe that communication with residents through such activities will lead to an understanding of the importance of local ecosystems and measures to combat bycatch, which is a major threat to dugongs. Therefore, in order to lay the foundation for community-based resident-led survey and conservation activities, the following surveys and activities will be conducted. (1) Literature survey on precedents of dugong conservation activities by residents Dugong populations outside of Japan and manatee populations, which are close relatives of dugongs, are also in danger of survival. In many of these habitats, citizens in collaboration with researchers are actively engaged in habitat surveys and conservation activities. We will investigate these precedents and utilize the knowledge gained from them in research and conservation activities in Okinawa. (2) Monitoring surveys of dugongs and their habitats led by local residents The number of dugongs in Okinawa is so small that it is difficult to investigate the behavior of the dugongs themselves. However, as they crawl along the seabed, they uproot the seagrass that grows in the sandy areas of the seabed, leaving their food marks like streaks. Since these traces remain for a while until the seagrass regenerates, regular and comprehensive investigation of these will reveal which sea areas dugongs use as their main feeding grounds, how much they use them, whether they change their feeding grounds seasonally, and how the conditions of seaweed beds and dugongs change from year to year. The results of this survey will be analyzed together with the results of the "wide-area survey of dugongs and seaweed beds" conducted by the Ministry of the Environment at a large cost in FY13~17, and will be used as basic data for considering what should be protected and how to protect and improve it with the guidance of researchers. Since the survey needs to cover a large area on a regular basis, it was decided to adopt the "manta ray" method. This method has also been adopted by the Ministry of the Environment and the Defense Facilities Agency for food site surveys, in which a snorkel surveyor is slowly towed by a boat to search for food remains in the seagrass beds below. Prior to the start of monitoring, in November 2006, an overseas researcher with a lot of experience in field surveys of dugongs and seaweed beds2Residents and members of the association were trained in the survey, and preliminary surveys and discussions were held to determine the details of the survey methodology. As a result, a number of issues have emerged. In the future, while tackling these issues, we will train new survey members and conduct full-scale surveys at a pace of four times a year. The results of this survey are expected to provide important data for the Okinawan dugong "rights of nature" lawsuit pending in the United States. (3) Awareness-raising activities among local residents to obtain cooperation in community-based and sustained surveys and to enable the acceptance of effective protection measures Such sustained research and conservation activities cannot be realized without gaining the understanding, trust, and cooperation of fishermen and residents engaged in coastal fisheries. We will discuss and create many opportunities for activities to discuss and work together on how to protect the local life while protecting the local natural ecosystem, including dugongs. (4) Preparation of a guidebook summarizing the survey and dugong conservation roadmap In order to encourage more people to participate in surveys and conservation activities, expand the circle of this initiative, and achieve results, we will draw a roadmap of a food trace survey manual and a vision for protecting and restoring the dugong population in Okinawa, and compile and distribute and use it as a guidebook. Japanese version / 日本語版 : チーム・ザンは北限のジュゴンを見守る会がコーディネートする 沖縄のジュゴンの生息環境調査チームで 正式名称は、『北限のジュゴン調査チーム・ザン』と言います。 『ザン』（または『ジャン』）は 沖縄でのジュゴンの代表的な呼び方であることから これを、チームの名前にしました。 チーム・ザンの食み跡調査 沖縄のジュゴンは数が少なすぎるために、ジュゴンそのものの行動を調査することは難しいのですが、ジュゴンが海草を根こそぎ食べた後に残される食み跡は、海草が再生してくるまでの間しばらく残るので、食み跡を定期的に調べることでジュゴンの生息状況をある程度把握することができます。 食跡調査は『マンタ法』によって行います。 マンタ法って？ 設定した調査範囲内を船で往復しながら、船に引かれる調査員が海草藻場の食み跡を目視で探します。食み跡を見つけたら、そのサイズ（長さ、幅、深さ）を計測し、海草の種類や被度などを記録します。これによって、ジュゴンがどんな場所で、どんな海草を、どのくらい食べているのかを知りたいと考えています。 調査結果をどう役立てるの？ 保護するためには、保護する対象であるジュゴンの状況を知ること、 そしてジュゴンの唯一の食糧である海草の状況や変化を知る必要があります。 この調査を継続していくことで、保護対策のための基礎データができていくのです。 沖縄のジュゴンとその生息環境に関する市民調査 北限のジュゴンを見守る会 沖縄のジュゴンは、世界の最北限に生息する地域個体群であるが、その数は50頭未満と推定され存続の危機にある。国の天然記念物であり、沖縄県のレッドデータブックでは絶滅の恐れが最も高い「絶滅危惧ＩＡ類」に指定されていながら、ジュゴンは環境省のレッドデータブックには記載されておらず、国はいまだ具体的な保護対策には動いていない。 当会のミッションは、沖縄のジュゴンを地域個体群としての絶滅の危機から救い、その生息環境と個体数を回復させることである。それと同時に、野生生物を含む生態系を守ることの重要性を人々に伝えることも当会の大きな役割と認識している。とくに、ジュゴンは岸に近い深さ数mの浅い海域に生えている海草を唯一の食糧としているため、人間活動の場に近い沿岸から離れられない宿命を背負っている。したがってジュゴンが生きていける環境を保持できるかどうかは、人間の行動にかかっていることを知ってもらわねばならない。 当会の活動の具体的な目標は、地元市民および研究者と連携した調査の実施により、しっかりとした科学的バックグラウンドを持って、適切な保護方策を見極め、それに基づいた具体的な保護方策を実践していくことである。将来的には国に保護区を設定させ、生態系のマネジメントを着実に実施するような体制にもっていきたい。 【ジュゴン保護に向けて】 　沖縄のジュゴンが直面している脅威は３つある。ひとつは、広大な海草藻場がひろがりジュゴンの重要な生息地の１つとなっている辺野古への普天間基地移設、2つ目は漁網による混獲、3つ目は海草藻場をはじめとした生息環境の悪化である。これらの問題を取り除いて保護策を講じ、生息地の管理を行っていくためには、いずれにしてもその基礎となる科学的な調査と解析、検討が必要とされる。一方、普天間基地移設問題については、ジュゴンおよびその生息地に関する基地の影響評価が正当になされない危惧がある。わが国の環境アセスメントは骨抜きであり、事業に対して環境を保全するツールとしては機能不全に陥っている。諫早干拓問題、石垣新空港問題などにおいても、科学者たちがアセスメントの結果に異議を唱え、事業の影響について正当な評価を提示し、警告しているにもかかわらず、強行されるのが今の日本の現実である。当会は、このような現実および日本にはジュゴンを専門とする研究者がほとんどいないことを鑑み、海外研究者および国際的なコミュニティとの連携の上で基地の影響評価およびジュゴンの保護方策に向けての調査を実施することとした。政府は環境アセスメントの調査期間を短縮して行うとしており、まっとうな評価がなされないことが懸念される。なしくずしに基地建設にいたることのないよう、海外のジュゴン研究者の「外圧」の協力を得ながら、科学的根拠に基づいてジュゴンと生息地の保護を訴えていく。 【調査の概要】 　喫緊の課題は、保護に向けてジュゴンの生態およびその重要な生息環境である海草藻場の現状と変動を明らかにすることである。これは、基地の移設も含めた人間活動の影響を評価する上で非常に重要であり、そのために必要なモニタリング調査を継続して実施していくことは地元住民との連携なくしては不可能である。また、このような活動を通しての住民とのコミュニケーションは、地域の生態系の重要性についての理解、ひいてはジュゴンにとっての大きな脅威である混獲の対策への理解につながるものと考える。 そこで、地域に根ざした住民主体の調査活動、保護活動の基礎を築くために、以下の調査および活動を行う。 （１）住民によるジュゴン保護活動の先行事例についての文献調査 日本以外の各地のジュゴン個体群、ジュゴンの近縁であるマナティ個体群もまた、その存続が危ぶまれているところが多い。それらの生息地では研究者と連携した市民による生息地の調査活動や保護活動が熱心に行われているところが多数ある。これらの先行事例を調査し、そこから得られる知見を沖縄における調査・保護活動に活かす。 （２）地域住民を主体とした、ジュゴンとその生息環境のモニタリング調査 　沖縄のジュゴンは数が少なすぎるために、ジュゴンそのものの行動を調査することは困難である。しかし、彼らは海底を這うように前進しながら海底の砂地に生えている海草を根こそぎ食べるために、その食跡が筋のように残される。この跡は海草が再生してくるまでの間しばらく残ることから、これらを定期的、網羅的に調べれば、ジュゴンがどの海域を主たる餌場とし、どの程度利用しているか、季節的に餌場を変えているのか、年々の藻場の状況とジュゴンの利用状況はどう変化しているか、などを明らかにしていくことができる。この調査結果と環境省が平成13～17年度に多額の費用をかけて実施した「ジュゴンと藻場の広域的調査」の結果を合わせて解析し、研究者の指導を得ながら何をどう保護し、改善していくべきかを検討するための基礎データとする予定である。 調査は広域を定期的にカバーする必要があるため、｢マンタ法｣を採用することにした。この手法は環境省や防衛施設庁も食跡調査に採用しているもので、シュノーケルをつけた調査員がボートでゆっくりと曳航されながら眼下にある海草藻場の食跡を探すというものである。モニタリング開始に先立って、2006年11月に、ジュゴンと藻場の野外調査の多くの経験を持つ海外の研究者2名を招へいし、住民と当会メンバーが調査のトレーニングを受け、調査手法の詳細を決めるための予備調査とディスカッションを行った。この結果、いくつもの課題が浮き上がってきた。今後これらの課題と取り組みつつ、新たな調査メンバーを育てながら、本格的な調査を年に4回のペースで実施していく。なお、この調査結果は、米国において提訴中の沖縄のジュゴン「自然の権利」訴訟においても重要なデータとなることが期待されている。 （３）地域に根ざした持続的な調査への協力を得、有効な保護方策の受容を可能 にするための地域住民の啓発活動 このような持続的調査・保護活動は、沿岸で漁業を営む漁民や住民の理解と信頼を得、協力を得ていくことなしに実現はできない。ジュゴンを含む地域の自然生態系を守りながら地域の生活を守っていくにはどうすればよいのか、ともに話し合い、活動する機会を多く設けていく。 （４）調査およびジュゴン保護ロードマップをまとめたガイドブックの作成 　より多くの人に調査や保護活動に参加してもらい、この取組みの輪を広げ、成果をあげていくために、食跡調査マニュアルと沖縄のジュゴン個体群を保護・回復させていくためのビジョンをロードマップに描き、ガイドブックとしてとりまとめて配布、活用する。 sea-dugong.org/trailsurvey.htm 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

Team ZAN チーム・ザン OURANOS partner's hosting Original website : Dugong Survey Team Giang at the Northern Limit Facebook The Okinawan dugong, the Northernmost population of this gentle marine mammal, is critically endangered, with only a few dozen left. Once abundant in Okinawa's waters, their numbers have drastically declined. To help protect them and their habitat, the dugong research team, ZAN studies bite marks on seagrass to gather crucial data for their conservation. 温和な海洋哺乳類の最も北に生息する沖縄のジュゴンは、絶滅の危機に瀕しており、わずか数十頭しか残っていません。かつては沖縄の海域にたくさん生息していましたが、その数は急激に減少しています。ジュゴンとその生息地を保護するために、ジュゴン研究チーム ザン は海草の噛み跡を調査し、保護のための重要なデータを収集しています。 Team ZAN : Who are we ? チーム・ザン : 私たちは誰ですか？ Mission and methods ミッションと方法 Okinawa dugong : Research and results 沖縄のジュゴン：研究と結果 News ニュース Series : The Role of Humans (not available) 人間の役割 (利用不可)

Sugar glider Petaurus breviceps Localization Australia, Papoua Threats No major threat Agriculture Bushfire Hypocalcaemia (in captivity) Population Stable U.I.C.N. : L.C. - Least Concern C.I.T.E.S: No indexed Trade Australia : To ensure that gilders are not illegally removed from the wild and sold as pets, all breeders, distributors and owners would require permits outlining the glider's history and source location. Strict penalties for illegal activities should be enforced. In addition, wild populations would require constant monitoring to ensure the protection of the glider species. In Australia, sugar gliders can be kept in Victoria, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. However, they are not allowed to be kept as pets in Western Australia, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Queensland or Tasmania. DNA analysis indicates that "the USA (sugar) glider population originates from West Papua, Indonesia with no illegal harvesting from other native areas such as Papua New Guinea or Australia".Given that the West Papuan gliders have been tentatively classified as Krefft's gliders (albeit to be changed in the future), this indicates that at least the captive gliders kept in the United States are Krefft's gliders, not sugar gliders. United States : Campbell et al . (2019), have provided evidence to support anecdotal reports from commercial websites offering the sale of sugar gliders that the source of the USA population of sugar gliders is West Papua, Indonesia. In our sampling, we found no evidence of illegal trade from other parts for the sugar glider native range but we cannot discount the possibility that animals are taken from other parts of Indonesia or Papua New Guinea and traded from Sorong. The scope of our inference is limited due to sparse sampling of West Papua, surrounding islands and the voluntary nature of tissue donation from USA pet owners. More extensive sampling of wild sugar gliders, animals bred in captive breeding facilities in West Papua and privately owned sugar gliders in the USA along with detailed pedigree information from breeders in the USA would be required to fully understand the importation history (Hogg et al., 2018 ). We established that despite being founded very recently (less than 30 years ago), the USA population is significantly more diverse than other introduced but older populations in Australia (Campbell et al., 2018 ). This implies multiple recent introductions and/or gene flow between Indonesia and the USA (Dawnay et al., 2008 ; Ogden & Linacre, 2015 ), and suggests that there is sufficient diversity within the USA population to avoid negative consequences of inbreeding if pedigrees are carefully managed. Ongoing importation of sugar gliders from legal avenues would allow US breeders to actively manage genetic diversity in the captive USA population, while allowing Indonesian wildlife traders the opportunity to benefit from their natural resources. For the specific purpose of preventing inbreeding in the USA an appropriately managed wild harvest of sugar gliders from West Papua, Indonesia, could continue with sufficient regulation of wildlife trade and if sustainable wildlife harvest quotas are enforced (Nijman, 2010 ; Janssen & Chng, 2018 ). Initiatives to achieve this could include, stricter licensing and registration for exporters, minimum mandatory reporting standards for captive breeding facilities and monitoring of selected wildlife trade hubs (Nijman, 2010 ). References : Petaurus breviceps (Sugar Glider) Wayback Machine The origin of exotic pet sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) kept in the United States of America [PeerJ] Sugar glider - Wikipedia (utiliser d'autres sources)

Direct sheets reptiles Find, check and signal ! Peter's bright snake Reptiles and Amphibians - General

Wallaby Macropodidae Localization Australia and Papua New-Guinea Threats Population U.I.C.N. : C.I.T.E.S: Trade Canada, United States: France: India: Indonesia: Laos : Malaysia: Philippines : Vietnam : References :

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Pygmy hippopotamus Choeropsis / Hexaprotodon liberiensis PublicDomainPictures Localization Western Africa Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone Extinct in Nigeria Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Mining and quarrying Hunting and trapping terrestrial animals Logging and wood harvesting War Civil unrest Military exercises Population Decreasing populations, fragmented, 2000 to 2499 individuals I.U.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Appendix II Trade Opportunistical bushmeat and commercial hunting. European Union : Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/966 of 15 May 2023 Pygmy hippopotamus (Hexaprotodon liberiensis ) listed at the Annex B (Appendix II) : The Appendix II includes species not necessarily threatened with extinction, but in which trade must be controlled to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival. Annex A includes: All CITES Appendix I species, except where EU Member States have entered a reservation Some CITES Appendix II and III species, for which the EU has adopted stricter domestic measures Some non-CITES species Annex B includes: All other CITES Appendix II species, except where EU Member States have entered a reservation Some CITES Appendix III species Some non-CITES species France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Guinea : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2023/128 CONCERNING: Geneva, 23 November 2023 APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN GUINEA All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Liberia : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2018/012 CONCERNING: LIBERIA Geneva, 22 January 2018 Maintenance of a recommendation to suspend trade All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Nigeria : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA1 7 NOVEMBER 2016 No opinion for import of specimens of the following species / countries combinations All applications to be referred to SRG: The species is not currently (or is only rarely) in trade, but significant trade in relation to the conservation status of the species could be anticipated. References : Choeropsis liberiensis (Pygmy Hippopotamus) (iucnredlist.org) (included Dufour. 2002. Premier recensement des activités cynégétiques en Forêt Classée de Diécké. MAE / DNEF - CFZ / PGRR.) Letter template (cites.org) Notification to the Parties No. 2017/ (cites.org) Publications Office (europa.eu) Wildlife trade - European Commission (europa.eu) 77_summary_srg.pdf (europa.eu) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance Read the article

ABOUT US OURANOS detailed The OURANOS network aims to involve as many people as possible in participatory work between citizens, institutions and scientists ! Our story All started with a bee... In August 2021, the "Mahout", founder and current president of the project, was watching a video about animals on his mobile phone when he learned that representatives of the species "Wallace's giant bee" (Megachile pluto ), vulnerable and almost impossible to find in the wild, were for sale on eBay. From then on, the idea of a digital network project against online poaching emerged. Initially alone, the Mahout surrounded himself, from October 2022 to June 2023, with a crack team, as part of a mobilization organized by the Green Office of the University of Liège (Belgium). Chronology 08/2021 Idea for a project to denounce fraudulent offers on online sales platforms. Offers about endangered species are reported on the platforms directly but are not removed. Some letters to politicians are sent without any results. 05/07/2022 - 05/09/2022 13/11/2022 - 15/12/2022 The projet OURANOS supports the animals in Ukraine and facing isolated events. Idea of a network creation to convoy animals and help zoos in Ukraine. Beginning of an officious partnership with Résilience Internationale. Campaign to save animals from the Mykolaev Zoo with the support of La Tanière zoo and Résilience Internationale. According to the zoo, their animals didn't need any help, so, the operation ended. 11/01/2023 Official adoption of the name "OURANOS" for "OUR Alliance for kNOwledge and Species" by the original team. 18/01/2023 12/02/2023 - 23/04/2023 10/02/2023 The OURANOS Project is officially presented to the Green Office at the University of Liège. The OURANOS Project, via its founder, takes part in the support of a coalition led by Résilience Internationale, with the support of Vet4Cats/Vet4Ukraine to support the Woof Division Charitable Fondation in Kharkiv. Pool for pets and veterinary cares in Karkhiv. 14/02/2023 17/02/2023 - 06/03/2023 Creation of the Twitter account of the project (Ouranos project (@OuranosProject) / Twitter ). Part in the sterilisation campaign for cats in Ukraine, led by Vet4Ukraine, with the support of Résilience Internationale. 17/03/2023 23/04/2023 - 02/11/2023 Creation of the Youtube channel (OURANOS Anti-Poaching Project - YouTube ). Campaign to support the Sudan Animal Rescue, in Khartoum, supported by Résilience Internationale. The goal was transferring some animals to the Giza zoo, that supported the project to welcome small cats. The association Four Paws took the reins to transfer the animals to Al'Mawa center in Jordan. 07/10/2023 Triggering the concretization and clarification of OURANOS objectives. 28/06/2024 - 04/07/2024 06/07/2024 16/08/2024 Campaign on bats selling and CITES status. Breaking up of a Facebook account that sold rhinoceros horns. eBay removes all listings of Kerivoula picta and of most bats. Etsy updates the day before its policy on prohibited wildlife to include all bats. 20/08/2024 - ... "Indi Raja" operation. Campaign to stop the elephants use and abuse during the Kandy Esala Perahera in Kandy (Sri Lanka). 06/10/2024 - 24/10/2024 "Faa Sai" operation. Campaign to help the elephants and other animals (dogs and buffalos) from floods at the Elephant Nature Park in Chiang Mai 20/12/2024 - 06/01/2025 Boycott for sturgeons : campaign against the waste of eggs that could increase the effectives of sturgeons, almost all endangered, to protect them and inform people about their threats and means to save them. Our goal is to invite all Internet users to report poaching and fraudulent offers of endangered species on online sales sites and platforms to certified experts. The goal is not to harm these platforms, but to stop poaching and encourage decision-makers to take concrete measures to stem the scourge of online poaching and species trafficking, particularly on the black market. We also plan to eventually partner with scientific and (inter)national institutions, associations and decision-makers on these platforms to ensure general and concrete consistency in the fight against poaching and its causes. Our Goal How should OURANOS be used ? Search a website or online sales platform for any suspicious advert relating to the animal species being sold. Once the suspicious ad has been found, consult the identification sheets on this site (tab "Identification sheets" and "smart research"), in order to determine whether the species concerned is threatened or not. This step can be carried out automatically on certain sites concerned as soon as possible. Click on the “report” or "signal" tab on the site in question when it is present, before contacting the OURANOS Project. The OURANOS Project will highlight the offer on social networks and carry out events and rallyings focused on similar offers to get rid of them legally and/or on the websites itself When the suspicious offers are sent to the OURANOS Project, the partners on the field are contacted to save the living animals on the offers and carry them to a shelter, or at least to seize the dead ones The team Founder and President - active The Mahout @OuranosProject Original team - inactive E. ROLOS @OuranosProject Original te am - inactive L. ROUAULT @OuranosProject Original te am - inactive M. DEDEKEN @OuranosProject

Team ZAN : Who are we ? チーム・ザン : 私たちは誰ですか ？ English version / 英語版 : "Association for the Watching Over the Dugongs at the Northern Limit" was established by wildlife researchers and citizens with the aim of protecting the dugongs, the marine mammals that survive in Okinawa. Dugongs, which were once familiar to the people of Okinawa, were once thought to have become extinct due to overfishing for food in the past and the deterioration of the habitat due to development. However, in January 1998, a dugong was confirmed off the coast of Henoko, Nago City, which ironically had become a candidate site for the relocation of the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, and its survival was made public by photographing it from a helicopter in the media. After that, steady conservation activities were started in Okinawa, but the conservation activities were not communicated to the "mainland" media and nature conservation groups, and the existence of the Okinawan dugong was hardly known in the "mainland" at that time. As an organization that protects dugongs that inhabit the northern limits of the world, we have bases of operations in both the mainland and Okinawa, and aim to carry out effective activities to protect dugongs and their habitats while coordinating both. Since its establishment, it has mainly held symposiums and seminars, made recommendations to the government, disseminated information through newsletters, participated in events, signed petitions, participated in international conferences, protested in the area, interacted with local communities, and conducted historical and cultural research on dugongs. Since November 2006, in order to learn more about the ecology of dugongs, we have been regularly investigating the food marks left by dugongs after eating seaweed with the advice and guidance of researchers. In the future, based on the results of this survey and the basic scientific data from existing surveys, we will propose concrete measures to ensure the survival and recovery of the dugong population in Okinawa, as well as environmental conditions that should be secured and improved, and take action to realize an environment in which dugongs can live. Japanese version / 日本語版 : 「北限のジュゴンを見守る会」は、沖縄に生き残っている海棲哺乳類ジュゴンの保護を目的として野生生物に関わる研究者と市民により設立されました。 　かつて沖縄の人々になじみの深い生きものだったジュゴンは、過去の食用目的の乱獲と開発による生息環境の悪化で一度は絶滅したと考えられていました。しかし、1998年1月、皮肉にも米軍海兵隊普天間飛行場の移設先の候補地となっていた名護市辺野古沖で、マスコミのヘリコプターからの撮影によってジュゴンが確認され、その生存が公にされたのです。 　その後、沖縄では地道な保護活動がはじめられましたが、その保護活動が「本土」のメディアや自然保護団体に伝えられることはなく、沖縄のジュゴンの存在も当時「本土」ではほとんど知られていませんでした。 　私たちは、世界の北限に生息するジュゴンを保護する団体として「本土」と沖縄の両方に活動拠点を置き、その双方を連携させながら、ジュゴンとその生息地を守るための実効性のある活動を目指しています。 　 　設立以来、主にシンポジウム・セミナーの開催、政府への提言活動、会報等による情報発信、イベントへの参加、署名活動、国際会議への参加、現地における抗議行動、地元との交流、ジュゴンに関する歴史的文化的な調査などを行ってきました。 　2006年11月からは、ジュゴンの生態を詳しく知るため、研究者の助言・指導を受けながら、ジュゴンが海草を食べた後に残す食跡を定期的に調査しています。今後、この結果および既存の調査による科学的基礎データをもとに、沖縄のジュゴン個体群を存続・回復させるための具体的な方策や、確保・改善すべき環境の条件を提示し、ジュゴンが生きていける環境の実現をめざして行動していきます。 ジュゴンからみえる野生生物保護の道筋

Parrots Psittaciformes Localization Africa, South and Central Americas, Oceania Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood plantations Selling as pets Population Decreasing U.I.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Trade European Union : 03/03/1997 : Official Journal of the European Communities PSITTACIFORMES spp.* ( II)-106 ( Parrots, etc. ) Psittacidae Annex A : Amazona arausiaca ( I ) ( Red-necked parrot) Amazona barbadensis ( I ) (Yellow-shouldered parrot) Amazona brasiliensis ( I ) ( Red-tailed parrot) Amazona guildingii ( I ) ( St Vincent parrot) Amazona imperialis ( I ) ( Imperial parrot) Amazona leucocephala ( I ) (Cuban parrot) Amazona pretrei ( I ) ( Red-spectacled parrot) Amazona rhodocorytha / Amazona dufresniana rhodocorytha ( I ) = ( Red-browed parrot) Amazona tucumana ( I ) (Tucuman parrot) Amazona versicolor ( I ) ( Saint Lucia parrot) Amazona vinacea ( I) (Vinaceous parrot) Amazona vittata ( I ) ( Puerto Rican parrot) Anodorhynchus spp. ( I ) ( Blue macaws) Ara ambigua ( I ) ( Great green macaw) Ara glaucogularis ( I ) (Blue-throated macaw) Ara macao ( I ) ( Scarlet macaw) Ara maracana (I (Blue-winged macaw) Ara militaris ( I ) ( Military macaw) Ara rubrogenys ( I ) (Red-fronted macaw) Aratinga guarouba ( I ) ( Golden parakeet) Cacatua goffini ( 1 ) (Tanimbar cockatoo) Cacatua haematuropygia (I) (Philippine cockatoo) Cacatua moluccensis ( I ) ( Salmon-crested cockatoo) Cyanopsitta spixii ( I ) ( Spix's macaw) Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi ( I ) (Catham Island yellow-fronted parakeet) Cyanoramphus cookii ( I ) / Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cookii ( Norfolk parakeet) Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae ( I ) (Red-fronted parakeet) Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni ( I ) / Opopsitta diophtalma coxeni (Coxen's double-eyed fig parrot) Eos histrio ( I ) ( Red and blue lory) Geopsittacus occidentalis ( I ) / Pezoporus occidentalis (Night parrot) Neophema chrysogaster ( I ) ( Orange-bellied parrot) Ognorhychus icterotis ( I ) ( Yellow-eared parrot) Pezoporus wallicus ( I ) ( Ground parrot) Pionopsitta pileata ( I ) ( Pileated parrot) Probosciger aterrimus ( I ) ( Palm cockatoo) Psephotus chrysopterygius ( I ) ( Golden-shouldered parrot) Psephotus dissimilis ( I ) / Psephotus chrysopterygius ( Hooded parrot) Psephotus pulcherrimus p.e. ( I ) ( Paradise parrot) Psittacula echo ( I ) / Psittacula krameri echo ( Mauritius parakeet) Pyrrhura cruentata ( I ) ( Blue-throated parakeet) Rhynchopsitta spp. ( I ) (Thick-billed parrots) Strigops habroptilus ( I ) ( Kakapo ) Vini spp. ( II) ( Blue lorikeets) Annex C : Psittacula krameri ( III GH) ( Rose-ringed parakeet) Did you find a parrot for sale ? Indonesia Bukit Lawang, Bohorok North Sumatra, Indonesia Sumatra Ecoproject : info@sumeco.id Website : SUMECO (Sumatra Ecoproject) - Wildlife Conservation in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com Sumatra Ecoproject OURANOS Project References : eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:31997R0338 : Official Journal of the European Communities