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Binturong Arctictis binturong ⒸEmmanuel Baril Localization South-Eastern Asia Threats Urbanization Cultures, Agriculture Planting wood and pulp Logging Hunting for fur and human food Pet trade Traditional medicine Population Decreasing U.I.C.N. : V.U. - Vulnérable C.I.T.E.S : Appendix III (12/04/2001) - sale possible with permit or certificate appropriate to the legislation EU Wildlife Trade Regulations: Appendix C in India (under discussion for Indonesia) - species listed in CITES Appendix III, unless EU Member States have expressed a reservation Trade Canada, United States : In most states in the United States as well as Canada and many Western countries, it is illegal to keep binturongs as pets. States like California have the strictest laws and ban these animals altogether. However, there are also states in which the possession of exotic animals is not regulated at all and others may apply for a permit. As binturongs are listed as vulnerable by the IUCN, their trade and import are prohibited. So, while it's probably legal to own in some states, legal issues can arise in addition to ethical concerns among other domestic issues, with a binturong as a pet. France : Any animal not included in the list of domestic animals set by ministerial decree is a wild animal. The binturong is not on this list. For animals coming from a country other than France, the marking must be carried out within eight days of arrival at the place of detention. However, this provision does not apply to animals whose stay in France does not exceed three months, provided that they are marked in accordance with the provisions of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora known as CITES. For zoological parks, certificate(s) of capacity and opening authorization(s) are required for captivity. India : The Management Authority of India informed the Secretariat that the Government of India has banned the export for commercial purposes of all wild specimens of species listed in CITES Appendices I, II and III, with the exception of certain plant foods. Indonesia : Binturongs are a protected species in Indonesia under the Act of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 1990 Concerning Conservation of Living Resources and their Ecosystems and Government Regulation No. 7 1999 Concerning the Preservation of Flora and Fauna . Ongoing negotiations regarding the establishment of the binturong in Annex C of the EU Wildlife Trade Regulations. In general, these laws prohibit commercial use of protected species including catching, hunting, injuring, killing, keeping, possessing, transporting or trading whether alive or dead. Commercial trade is however permissible for second generation captive-bred individuals by facilities that have been approved by the government. According to the law and Gomez L. & Shepherd C. (2024), illegal possession of a protected species incurs a penalty of up to five years in prison and a fine of IDR100mil (~ USD6,350). Based on seizure data analysis, most penalties meted out were low i.e., below 1 year imprisonment and fines of less than IDR5mil (~ USD318). Binturongs are also found in the exotic pet trade, especially in East Kalimantan. According to Arifianto I. et al. (2022), the owners of CV Bumi Makmur binturongs are sold domestically (across the country) and internationally (e.g., Italy, Japan, Germany, USA, Ukraine, Russia and others) and a single binturong can reach IDR45 mil (~ USD2800) in the international market. Moreover, it is mainly from Indonesia that the sale of "kopi luwak" ("civet coffee"), generated by the excrement of civets, but also of binturongs on the island of Sumatra, is recorded. Internet : In Gomez and Shepherd's study, there were at least 594 advertisements for binturongs observed during the survey period (1 July 2023 to 1 October 2023). The majority of these were found on Facebook (97.6%), and to a much lesser extent, on TikTok (2.2%) and one on Instagram. Japan : Binturongs are found in specific cafés, where people can feed and touch them. Laos : Suspension of trade in specimens of CITES-listed species with the Lao People's Democratic Republic, in line with the recommendations of the Standing Committee. Recommendation maintained until further notice. Malaysia : Civets (Viverridae), including binturongs, are traded for their meat throughout Peninsular Malaysia. Philippines : The commercial export of wild-caught wildlife specimens is prohibited. Only specimens bred in captivity by breeders licensed and registered by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) can be exported. Vietnam : In Vietnam, there are some recent reports of this species being kept as pets or as show animals in hotels, and the species is also traded for wild meat and traditional medicine markets, for which a wide range of animal species are hunted. Did you find a binturong for sale ? France 57 rue Cuvier MNHN CP31 75005 Paris, France Philippines 88 Paduga Road, Barangay santa Monica Puerto Princesa City 5300 Palawan, Philippines Country Selling on the internet Thank you for you message Send ABConservation : contact@abconservation.org Website : ABConservation - The NGO dedicated to the Binturong OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com ABConservation OURANOS Project References : Arctictis binturong (Binturong) (iucnredlist.org) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2018/031 CONCERNING: INDIA Geneva, 26 March 2018 Ban on trade in wild fauna and flora, except certain specimens of Dalbergia latifolia and Dalbergia sissoo (E-Notif-2018-031.pdf (cites.org) ) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2010/038 CONCERNING: 1. 2. This Notification is being distributed at the request of the Philippines. Geneva, 29 November 2010 PHILIPPINES Prohibition of trade in CITES specimens (E038.pdf (cites.org) ) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2016/011 CONCERNING: Geneva, 11 February 2016 LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2015/013 CONCERNING: LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Recommendation to suspend trade Geneva, 19 March 2015 (E-Notif-2015-013_0.pdf (cites.org) ) COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2023/966 of 15 May 2023 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 to reflect the amendments adopted at the 19th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32023R0966 ) 90TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA1 10 JUNE 2020 ONLINE MEETING SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS (90_summary_SRG.pdf (europa.eu) ) Arrêté du 11 août 2006 fixant la liste des espèces, races ou variétés d'animaux domestiques - Légifrance (legifrance.gouv.fr) ) Arrêté du 8 octobre 2018 fixant les règles générales de détention d'animaux d'espèces non domestiques - Légifrance (legifrance.gouv.fr) Les Annexes I, II et III de la CITES | CITES Commerce d’espèces sauvages (europa.eu) Lalita Gomez & Chris R. Shepherd, "The illegal trade of binturongs in Indonesia (arctictis binturong)", Discover Animals , Volume 1, article number 27 Can You Own A Pet Binturong? Everything You Should Know! (koalapets.com)

Articles More information about wildlife and threats OURANOS Project The Legal and Conservation Battle for the Okinawa Dugong Read the article Palm Oil Detectives Wild cat carnivores in Borneo may adjust their schedules to avoid each other Read the article Original scientific article OURANOS Project The screaming heart of the depths : Scientific Advocacy for the Preservation and Protection of Hydrothermal sites and their biodiversity Read the article Palm Oil Detectives Bird species are facing extinction hundreds of times faster than previously thought Read the article ABConservation The relationship between the zoo community and ABConservation for an integrated conservation programme in Palawan, Philippines Read the article

Direct sheets mammals Find, check and signal ! Binturong Bats Pyrenean desman Dugong Saiga antelope Monkeys Pygmy hippopotamus Armadillo Capybara Fennec fox Galago (bush baby) Kinkajou Manatee Lion Loris, pottos and angwantibos Tiger Wallaby and marsupials Wombat

Lion Panthera leo Localization Africa and India Threats Housing and urban areas Annual and perennial non-timber crops Livestock farming and ranching Hunting and trapping terrestrial animals Logging and wood harvesting War, civil unrest and military exercises Agricultural and forestry effluents Population : Stable (populations of India) Decreasing (General) U.I.C.N. : EN - Endangered (populations of India - Panthera leo persica ) VU - Vulnerable (General - Panthera leo ) C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : populations of India (26/11/2019) Appendix II : African populations EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) : Only the populations of India Annex B (20/05/2023) : all the populations of Africa Trade Afghanistan : (17/05/2013) All exports are suspended. Angola : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Australia : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (19 /03 /2018 ) Australia implements stricter domestic measures that treat African lions (Panthera leo ), African elephants (Loxodonta africana ) and all whales and dolphins (Cetacea) as though they are listed on Appendix I to CITES. Under Australian legislation, imports and exports of Appendix I species can only occur if the specimen: was obtained prior to the first listing of the species on CITES – i.e. a ‘pre-Convention’ specimen (non-live specimens only); – is traded as part of a non-commercial exchange of scientific specimens between registered institutions (non-live specimens only) is traded for research purposes (live and non-live specimens) is traded for education purposes (live and non-live specimens) is traded for exhibition purposes (non-live specimens only) is traded as part of a Cooperative Conservation Program (for live specimens only). Australia does not permit personal imports or exports of species listed on Appendix I to CITES, including hunting trophies, unless they are demonstrated to be pre-Convention specimens and are accompanied by relevant pre-Convention certificates. Australia does not recognise personal and household effects exemptions for Appendix I specimens. Australia requires import permits for trade in species listed on Appendix II to CITES, except for items covered by personal and household effects exemptions. We would appreciate your assistance in alerting exporters sending goods to Australia, commercially and/or via post, that they are required to obtain an import permit from Australia. Benin : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (19/09/2014) : Negative (Wild) Botswana : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (03/09/2014) : No decision taken (wild) Burkina Faso : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (09/04/2015) : Negative (Wild) Cameroon : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (09/04/2015) : Negative (Wild) Central African Republic : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (13/09/2022) : Negative (Wild) Chad : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Côte d'Ivoire : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Democratic Republic of Congo : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Djibouti : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (30/01/2018) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Eswatini : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Ethiopia : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (02/01/2024) : Suspension (Wild) European Union : Official Journal of the European Union - COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2023/966 of 15 May 2023 (20/05/2023) Annex A (20/05/2023) : Only the populations of India Annex B (20/05/2023) : all the populations of Africa For African populations: a zero annual export quota is established for specimens of bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Annual export quotas for trade in bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth for commercial purposes, derived from captive breeding operations in South Africa, will be established and communicated annually to the CITES Secretariat. Ghana : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Guinea : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (23/11/2023) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Guinea Bissau : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Kenya : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. India : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (26/03/2018) [Stricter domestic measures] The Government of India has banned the export for commercial purposes of all wild-taken specimens of species included in Appendices I, II and III, except cultivated varieties of plant species included in Appendices I and II. Israel : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (13/08/2019) [Stricter domestic measures] The import of potentially invasive animals, wildlife for circus activities, poisonous animals or plants except under rare circumstances, and wild-sourced specimens of CITES-listed species for commercial purposes; and the export of native wildlife (exceptions may be made inter alia for scientific or educational purposes). Libya : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (10/01/2024) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Malawi : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Mali : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Mozambique : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (19/09/2023) : Negative - Wild, including hunting trophies, for all populations except from the Niassa reserve (including the Chipanje Chetu community conservation area). Namibia : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/06/2012) : Positive (Wild) Niger : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Nigeria : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Senegal : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Somalia : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (12/01/2024) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. South Africa : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (24/05/2023) : Positive (Wild) South Sudan : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/06/2012) : Scientific Review Group Referral (Wild) Sudan : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/06/2012) : Scientific Review Group Referral (Wild) Togo : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Tanzania : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/11/2016) : Positive (Wild, including hunting trophies) Uganda : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. United States : H.R. 263, the “Big Cat Public Safety Act,” which amends the Lacy Act (20/12/2022) Limits breeding and ownership of big cats to ensure public safety. Rules through the United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. Zambia : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/03/2016) : Positive (Wild, including hunting trophies) Zimbabwe : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (12/12/2023) : In consultation (Wild) References : Species+ Panthera leo Asiatic subpopulation (Asiatic Lion) Panthera leo (Lion) Bills Signed: H.R. 263, H.R. 1193, H.R. 5796, H.R. 7077, S. 198, S. 231, S. 1617, S. 2796, S. 3092, S. 3115, S. 3499, S. 3662, S. 3875 | The White House Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State Notification to the Parties 2022 Notification to the Parties 2024 Letter template-NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES Notification to the Parties No. 2019/ Notification to the Parties No. 2019/035 Notification to the Parties No. 2018/031 Notification to the Parties No. 2018/025 Notification to the Parties No. 2018/015 Notification to the Parties Publications Office Publications Office 69_summary_srg rev.pdf Microsoft Word - SRG 98 short SOC_v3 final rev 30.01.24 71_summary_srg.pdf 15597 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/2770 of 12 December 2023 prohibiting the introduction into the Union of specimens of certain species of wild fauna and flora in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein Microsoft Word - SRG 98 short SOC_v3 final rev 30.01.24 89_summary_SRG.pdf DRAFT 16122 77_summary_srg.pdf 75_summary_srg.pdf Microsoft Word - SRG 99 short SOC_v3 30.01.2024 Microsoft Word - SRG 98 short SOC_v3 final rev 30.01.24

Armadillos Dasypodidae I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct DD : Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo Cabassous centralis U.I.C.N. : DD C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo Cabassous tatouay U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix III (Uruguay) - (14/07/1976) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Class C - Uruguay (20/05/2023) Andean hairy armadillo Chaetophractus nationi U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (18/09/1997) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Class C - Uruguay (20/05/2023) Screaming Hairy Armadillo Chaetophractus vellerosus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Greater Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus kappleri U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Southern Long-Nosed Armadillo Dasypus hybridus U.I.C.N. : NT - Near Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Yepes's mulita Dasypus mazzai U.I.C.N. : DD - Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Nine-banded Armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus pilosus U.I.C.N. : DD - Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Brazilian Lesser Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus septemcinctus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus sabanicola U.I.C.N. : NT - Near Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Giant armadillo Priodontes maximus U.I.C.N. : VU - Vulnerable C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I (01/07/1975) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Class A - (20/05/2023) Localization Americas Threats Housing & urban areas Annual & perennial non-timber crops Wood & pulp plantations Livestock farming & ranching Roads & railroads Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals Trade Argentina : Restrictions on trade in certain species (16/01/2006) [Suspension for CLASS Mammalia] [Stricter domestic measures] The export of all live specimens of native species of mammals (with the exception of: species subject to management plans and export quotas; specimens bred in captivity in registered operations; species considered as pests or harmful under current legislation; pets; specimens for zoological, cultural or educational exhibitions). Specimens of such species may be exported after the Argentine Management Authority has verified on a case-by-case basis that the export is in conformity with current national legislation and issued a CITES permit. Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) Bolivia : Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All, all sources (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) Chile : Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) Panama : Suspension of the issuance of export permits for wild-harvested specimens (W) (05/05/2023) [Stricter domestic measures] The issuance of export permits for all wildlife specimens harvested from the wild (W) for commercial purposes (T) has been suspended. Peru : Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. References : Species+ Notification to the Parties 2023 Cabassous centralis (Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo) Publications Office Andean hairy armadillo - Wikipedia Priodontes maximus (Giant Armadillo) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE - Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela Dasypus novemcinctus (Nine-banded Armadillo) Dasypus kappleri (Greater Long-nosed Armadillo) Dasypus pilosus (Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo) Dasypus sabanicola (Northern Long-nosed Armadillo) Dasypus septemcinctus (Brazilian Lesser Long-nosed Armadillo) Yepes's mulita - Wikipedia Dasypus hybridus (Southern Long-Nosed Armadillo)

Members Official partners of the OURANOS Project Map of our partners ABConservation France - Philippines Joined at 31/10/2023 Sumatra Ecoproject Indonesia Joined at 30/11/2023 Résilience Internationale France Joined at 21/12/2023 Palm Oil Detectives New Zealand Joined at 29/11/2024

Loris, pottos and angwantibos Lorisidae I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Golden angwantibo Arctocebus aureus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Calabar angwantibo Arctocebus calabarensis U.I.C.N. : NT - Not Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Gray slender loris Loris lydekkerianus U.I.C.N. : NT - Not Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Red slender loris Loris tardigradus U.I.C.N. : EN - En dangered C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Red slender loris Nycticebus bengalensis U.I.C.N. : EN - En dangered C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Sunda slow loris / Greater slow loris Nycticebus coucang U.I.C.N. : EN - Endangered C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Javan slow loris Nycticebus javanicus U.I.C.N. : CR - Critically Endangered C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Kayan Slow Loris Nycticebus kayan U.I.C.N. : VU - Vulnerable C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Pygmy slow loris Nycticebus pygmaeus U.I.C.N. : EN - Endangered C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Milne-Edwards's Potto Perodicticus edwardsi U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S : No status East African potto Perodicticus ibeanus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S: No status West African potto Perodicticus potto U.I.C.N. : NT - Not Threatened C.I.T.E.S: Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) False potto Pseudopotto martini U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S: Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Localization South Asia, South-Eastern Asia (Lorises) West Africa and Central Africa (Angwantibos and pottos) Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood and pulp plantations Logging and wood harvesting Hunting Trapping Population Decreasing Trade Internet : According to Nekaris et al . (2015), the 100 videos viewed contained 122 individual slow lorises. Bengal slow loris (N. bengalensis ;37%) and pygmy slow loris (N. pygmaeus ;39%) occurred most frequently, followed by greater slow loris (N. coucang ;16%), Javan slow loris (N. javanicus ;4%) and Philippine slow loris (N. menagensis ;3%) as well as one purported hybrid (1%). Slow loris videos were predominantly uploaded from 5 countries, China (15%), Thailand (15%), Vietnam (7%), all slow loris range countries, Japan (28%) and Russia (12%). For China, 6 of the 15 individuals recorded were non-native species, and for Thailand, 5 of the 15 individuals recorded were not native to the country. With regard to age class, most slow lorises were adults (55%), followed by juveniles (23%) and infants (22%). All 100 videos found showed at least 1 negative condition, with 4% showing only 1 condition, but with nearly one third (31%) showing all 5 negative conditions. Presence of conditions included human contact (57%), daylight (87%), signs of stress and ill health (53%), unnatural environmental conditions (91%) and isolation from conspecifics (77%). In 49% of the videos at least 1 of the slow lorises present was obese. In 8 separate videos infections were observed around the muzzle of an individual, indicating that teeth had been removed, and 3 animals exhibited open wounds consistent with being bitten by a conspecific. The average duration of the videos was 129 ± 92.9 s; there was no relation between the duration of the video and the number of conditions shown. Cambodia : Cambodia lists them as protected, with penalties of one month in prison and fines of US$2.50 to US$250 in 2010 for anyone who catches, hunts, poisons, or transports them. Democratic Republic of Congo : West African potto (Perodicticus potto ) : Quota : 100 - Live (2024) Guinea : APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN GUINEA Recommendation to maintain the suspension of trade for commercial purposes with Guinea in specimens of all CITES-listed species and other recommendations (23/11/2023) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Guinea-Bissau : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA 22/01/2018) The Secretariat informed Parties of the recommendation by the Standing Committee that all Parties suspend commercial trade with Guinea-Bissau and Liberia in specimens of CITES-listed species until further notice for failure to adopt appropriate legislative measures to implement the Convention. India : Ban on trade in wild fauna and flora, except certain specimens of Dalbergia latifolia and Dalbergia sissoo (26/03/2018) India permits the export of cultivated varieties of plant species included in Appendices I and II and has indicated that all products, other than the wood and wood products in the form of logs, timber, stumps, roots, bark, chips, powder, flakes, dust and charcoal, produced from wild sourced (W) Dalbergia sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia and authorized for export by a CITES Comparable Certificate issued by the competent authorities of India are exempted from the general ban. Such Dalbergia sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia specimens are harvested legally as per the regional and national laws of India and as per the prescribed management (working) plans, which are based on silvicultural principles and all are covered under Legal Procurement Certificate; all the material are sold from the Government timber depots through auction or are legally procured and can be exported legally. Starting on the date of this Notification, all the CITES Comparable Certificates will be issued with a footnote, stating that the wild (W) source specimens are covered under Legal Procurement Certificate as per regional and national laws in India. Indonesia : In Indonesia, the slow loris trade has been illegal since 1973, when the Agriculture Ministry passed Decree No. 66. This regulation was clarified in 1999 with Government Regulation No. 7 ("Protection of Wild Flora and Fauna") and Act No. 5 ("Biodiversity Conservation"). Violators are subject to five years in prison and a fine of 100 million rupiah (~US$10,000). Hundreds of Indonesian lorises are traded domestically every year, sold in open-air “bird markets,” by the side of the road, and even at shopping malls. Because they look cute and cuddly, they are desirable as pets or even as a kind of “living toy” for children. Buyers typically do not know anything about these animals and so are unaware of their endangered status. Local hunters work for specialized animal trade mafias. Traders will buy them and take them to the main markets in big cities, where customers will pay around 300,000 to 500,000 rupiahs (US$32 to US$54) for one animal. Often, the buyers are Western tourists or expatriates who sometimes pay up to 1,000,000 rupiahs (US$108). The buyers feel pity for these poor animals, although they don’t know that buying them is cruel—and technically illegal. Lorises are not well adapted to captivity and are very stress-sensitive. On top of this, owners usually have no idea how to care for their new purchases and do not feed their lorises a proper diet. Consequently, captive lorises often die of nutritional problems, pneumonia, and stress. One additional cause of death for traded lorises is dental infections, with a death rate of up to 90 percent. Lorises’ teeth are often brutally cut or pulled out by traders using nail cutters, causing unbearable pain. Lorises with no teeth are not able to fend for themselves in the wild, as they use their canines and a special venom they produce in their brachial glands to stun their prey and protect themselves from predators. These lorises are unreleasable and must remain in captivity the rest of their lives. (Sanchez, 2008) On the internet, loris bones have already be sold on the online platform TokopediaⓇ for traditional medicine and living individuals as pets . Laos : Recommendation to suspend trade for commercial purposes with the Lao People's Democratic Republic in specimens of all CITES-listed species and other recommendations (21/11/2023) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Liberia : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA 22/01/2018) The Secretariat informed Parties of the recommendation by the Standing Committee that all Parties suspend commercial trade with Guinea-Bissau and Liberia in specimens of CITES-listed species until further notice for failure to adopt appropriate legislative measures to implement the Convention. Philippines : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (29/11-/2010) The export for commercial purposes of wild-caught specimens of wild terrestrial fauna is prohibited. Only specimens bred in captivity by breeders authorized and registered by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the CITES Management Authority for terrestrial wildlife, may be exported. This restriction has been in effect since 15 February 1994. Parties are urged to help the Philippines in implementing the bans mentioned above and to inform it of any attempts to import into their territories specimens subject to the prohibition. Togo : West African potto (Perodicticus potto ) : Quota : 10 - Wild-taken (2024) References : Is Tickling Torture? Assessing Welfare towards Slow Lorises (Nycticebus spp.) within Web 2.0 Videos | Folia Primatologica | Karger Publishers Indonesia’s Slow Lorises Suffer in Trade Dr. Karmele Llano Sanchez, International Animal Rescue - 105_v35_n2_2008-09.pdf Nekaris et al. 2010 , p. 882. Nekaris et al. 20 10 , p. 883. Nekaris and Munds 2010 , p. 390 McGreal 2007b . Species+ - CITES Notification: Philippines, Prohibition of trade in CITES specimens Arctocebus aureus (Golden Angwantibo) Arctocebus calabarensis (Calabar Angwantibo) Loris lydekkerianus (Grey Slender Loris) Loris tardigradus (Red Slender Loris) Nycticebus bengalensis (Bengal Slow Loris) Nycticebus coucang (Greater Slow Loris) Nycticebus javanicus (Javan Slow Loris) Nycticebus kayan (Kayan Slow Loris) Nycticebus pygmaeus (Pygmy Slow Loris) Perodicticus potto (West African Potto) Perodicticus ibeanus (East African Potto) Perodicticus edwardsi (Milne-Edwards's Potto) Publications Office - Official Journal of the European Union Notification to the Parties No. 2018/031 Letter template - Recommendation to suspend trade for commercial purposes with the Lao People's Democratic Republic in specimens of all CITES-listed species and other recommendations (21/11/2023) Notification to the Parties No. 2017/

Bats Chiroptera I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Localisation World out of Poles Threats Trade online Agriculture, some of pesticides Diseases Bush meat Traditionnal medicine Touristic trade Trade France : Including “Chiroptera” bonds in sales deeds during state real estate transfers Number of sales deeds that included a clause in favor of bats Including “Chiroptera” data in sales deeds during state real estate transfers or forest house transfers Number of sales deeds that included a clause in favor of bats United States : Some animals, such as bats, insects, and snails, are known to carry zoonotic diseases. Importation of such animals for any purpose requires permits from CDC and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Because bats can be infected with and transmit rabies, permits are not issued for the importation of bats as pets. Etiologic agents, hosts, or vectors of human disease, including microorganisms, insects, biological materials, tissues, certain live animals (e.g., live snails), and animal products may require a CDC permit for importation or transfer into the United States. CDC permits for approved scientific, exhibition, or educational purposes are issued through the CDC Import Permit Program. Internet trade The species Kerivoula picta , like other microbats, is sold on online platforms for decorative purposes as well as as souvenirs for tourists. According to Coleman et al. (2024), sales of Kerivoula picta and other bats are decreasing between December 2022 and January 2023, but are predominant in Western countries, reaching more than 500 offers listed on eBay for the United States. According to a study led by Hunter et al . (2024), over a period of 18-months, the sale of 4479 different bat products have been identified , derived from 47 different species. On Etsy, it is estimated that over 10,000 items were sold over the study period, including skulls, skeletons, taxidermy, framed displays and jewellery. The sellers of these items were predominantly located in Europe, North America and Hong Kong, whilst analysis of the ranges of the species advertised in listings indicated that South and South East Asia are likely to be hotspots of sourcing for this trade. Moreover, bat ornaments are largely sold as collectible oddities. Cynopterus brachyotis (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Eonycteris spelaea (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Kerivoula picta (I.U.C.N. : N.T. - soon revised, C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Decreasing Kerivoula pellucida (I.U.C.N. : N.T. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Decreasing Nycteris javanica (I.U.C.N. : V.U. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Decreasing Picture : Hansmuller, 2015, Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden) Pipistrellus javanicus (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Pipistrellus kuhlii (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) References : PNA_Chiropteres_2016-2025.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) http://www.economie.gouv.fr/cessions Bats | Bringing an Animal into U.S. | Importation | CDC Muscardin volant — Wikipédia (wikipedia.org) Bat Trade Working Group - IUCN SSC Bat Specialist Group (iucnbsg.org) Frontiers | Bat E-Commerce: Insights Into the Extent and Potential Implications of This Dark Trade (frontiersin.org) Increasing concern over trade in bat souvenirs from South-east Asia | Oryx | Cambridge Core Endangered Species Act Protections Sought for Painted Woolly Bats - Center for Biological Diversity Increasing concern over trade in bat souvenirs from South-east Asia | Oryx | Cambridge Core Joanna Coleman, Nistara Randhawa, Joe Chun-Chia Huang, Tigga Kingston, Benjamin P Y-H Lee, Joy M O’Keefe, Abigail Rutrough, Vu Dinh Thong, Susan M Tsang, Chris R Shepherd. 2024, Dying for décor: quantifying the online, ornamental trade in a distinctive bat species, Kerivoula picta Sara Bronwen Hunter, Julie Weeds, Fiona Mathews. 2024, Monitoring the trade in bat taxidermy and specimens on e-commerce platforms - ScienceDirect - Biological Conservation (299,110827)

Dugong Dugong dugon Localisation Indian and Pacific Ocean coasts Red Sea Arabian Sea Threats Urbanization Navigation Fishing Recreation Industrial, military, agricultural and forestry pollution Storms and floods Human and Veterinary Medicine Handicraft Human food Population Decreasing U.I.C.N. : Global : V.U. - Vulnerable East African subpopulation : C.R. - Critically Endangered Nansei subpopulation : C.R. - Critically Endangered New Caledonia subpopulation : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Appendix I (19/07/2000) African Convention of Nature and Natural Resources : Class A (16/06/1969) Trade International : MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING ON THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF DUGONGS (Dugong dugon) AND THEIR HABITATS THROUGHOUT THEIR RANGE (Abu Dhabi, 31/10/2007) : Noting that dugongs have a priority for conservation action through their listing in the respective appendices of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). African Union : AFRICAN CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF NATURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES (Date of Adoption: 15/09/1968, Date of last signature: 24/01/2013, Date entry into force: 16/06/1969) Dugong dugon - Dugong : Class A Australia : In some regions of Australia, hunting is still permitted, according to quotas that are not always sustainable. France : The species has been protected in Mayotte since 1995 and several actions have been carried out to ensure compliance with these regulations (§1.13.2). In addition, with the decrease in the number of dugongs, it seems that its exploitation is no longer anchored in local traditions. However, dugong meat is still considered a delicacy and is sold at the price of the noblest fish (about 5€/kg). The high price of this meat and the mass of an animal (150 to 300 kg) mean that animals caught accidentally are systematically kept to consume and/or sell the meat illegally. Japan : Dugongs are considered as living monuments in Japan. Okinawa dugongs (Nansei subpopulation) habitat is threatened by American bases, causing debates and controversies. National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), Section 402 The NHPA mandates that U.S. federal agencies must avoid or mitigate harm to places or things of cultural significance to other countries. The Okinawa dugong, listed as a cultural monument under Japan’s Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, is one such entity. The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), in its handling of the Futenma Replacement Facility (FRF) project, failed to directly assess the environmental and cultural impacts of the project on the dugong population. Instead, it deferred to the Japanese government's evaluation. The court ruled that the NHPA requires the head of the responsible federal agency—in this case, the DOD—to independently consider and mitigate these effects. This failure to comply led to the court’s finding that the DOD violated Section 402 of the NHPA, compelling corrective actions to address the environmental and cultural harms of the project. Japan’s Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties Under Japan’s legal framework, the dugong is recognized as a cultural monument of national significance. This designation emphasizes its dual importance as both an endangered marine species and a cultural icon for the Okinawan people. The construction of the U.S. airbase in Henoko Bay poses a direct threat to the seagrass habitat essential for the survival of the dugong, exacerbating its critically endangered status. Despite Japan’s legal protections, the ongoing military base expansion raises concerns about the balance between cultural preservation and national security. Endangered Species Protections The dugong is listed as critically endangered by Japan’s Ministry of the Environment and is also included on the U.S. Endangered Species List. Conservation efforts are imperative given that fewer than 50 dugongs were estimated to remain in 1997, and recent surveys suggest only three individuals currently inhabit Okinawa. The destruction of the seagrass habitat in Henoko Bay due to airbase construction directly threatens this population, making compliance with environmental laws and international conservation commitments vital for the species' survival. Mozambique, Vietnam and other countries : Poaching persists in some countries at an unsustainable frequency, such as Mozambique or Vietnam. References : CONSERVATION OF NATURE.doc PNA_Dugong-Mayotte_2012-2016.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) Dugong dugon (Dugong) (iucnredlist.org) Dugong dugon Eastern Africa subpopulation (Dugong) (iucnredlist.org) Dugong dugon Nansei subpopulation (Dugong) (iucnredlist.org) Dugong Dugong dugon Nansei subpopulation has most recently been assessed for The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species in 2019. Dugong dugon Nansei subpopulation is listed as Critically Endangered under criteria C1; D. MOU Text | Dugong Legal Appeal Challenges U.S. Military Base Construction in Japan, Threat to Rare Okinawa Dugongs | Turtle Island Restoration Network Fighting to Protect the Dugongs of Japan's Henoko Bay | Saving Earth | Encyclopedia Britannica Okinawa Dugong v. Gates_Case Summary.docx (Protecting the Endangered Dugong From a Proposed Military Airbase - Earthjustice Okinawa Dugong v. Gates, 543 F. Supp. 2d 1082 | Casetext Search + Citator Protecting the Dugong: Regulating U.S. Military Bases in Japan | Columbia | Journal of International Affairs U.S. COURT RULES IN THE “OKINAWA DUGONG” CASE Implications for U.S. Military Bases Overseas Department of Defense Must Comply with National Historic Preservation Act Article : "The Legal and Conservation Battle for the Okinawa Dugong"

Parrots Psittaciformes Localization Africa, South and Central Americas, Oceania ​ Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood plantations Selling as pets Population Decreasing ​ U.I.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : ​ ​ ​ Trade ​ ​ European Union : 03/03/1997 : Official Journal of the European Communities PSITTACIFORMES spp.* ( II)-106 ( Parrots, etc. ) Psittacidae Annex A : Amazona arausiaca ( I ) ( Red-necked parrot) Amazona barbadensis ( I ) (Yellow-shouldered parrot) Amazona brasiliensis ( I ) ( Red-tailed parrot) Amazona guildingii ( I ) ( St Vincent parrot) Amazona imperialis ( I ) ( Imperial parrot) Amazona leucocephala ( I ) (Cuban parrot) Amazona pretrei ( I ) ( Red-spectacled parrot) Amazona rhodocorytha / Amazona dufresniana rhodocorytha ( I ) = ( Red-browed parrot) Amazona tucumana ( I ) (Tucuman parrot) Amazona versicolor ( I ) ( Saint Lucia parrot) Amazona vinacea ( I) (Vinaceous parrot) Amazona vittata ( I ) ( Puerto Rican parrot) Anodorhynchus spp. ( I ) ( Blue macaws) Ara ambigua ( I ) ( Great green macaw) Ara glaucogularis ( I ) (Blue-throated macaw) Ara macao ( I ) ( Scarlet macaw) Ara maracana (I (Blue-winged macaw) Ara militaris ( I ) ( Military macaw) Ara rubrogenys ( I ) (Red-fronted macaw) Aratinga guarouba ( I ) ( Golden parakeet) Cacatua goffini ( 1 ) (Tanimbar cockatoo) Cacatua haematuropygia (I) (Philippine cockatoo) Cacatua moluccensis ( I ) ( Salmon-crested cockatoo) Cyanopsitta spixii ( I ) ( Spix's macaw) Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi ( I ) (Catham Island yellow-fronted parakeet) Cyanoramphus cookii ( I ) / Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cookii ( Norfolk parakeet) Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae ( I ) (Red-fronted parakeet) Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni ( I ) / Opopsitta diophtalma coxeni (Coxen's double-eyed fig parrot) Eos histrio ( I ) ( Red and blue lory) Geopsittacus occidentalis ( I ) / Pezoporus occidentalis (Night parrot) Neophema chrysogaster ( I ) ( Orange-bellied parrot) Ognorhychus icterotis ( I ) ( Yellow-eared parrot) Pezoporus wallicus ( I ) ( Ground parrot) Pionopsitta pileata ( I ) ( Pileated parrot) Probosciger aterrimus ( I ) ( Palm cockatoo) Psephotus chrysopterygius ( I ) ( Golden-shouldered parrot) Psephotus dissimilis ( I ) / Psephotus chrysopterygius ( Hooded parrot) Psephotus pulcherrimus p.e. ( I ) ( Paradise parrot) Psittacula echo ( I ) / Psittacula krameri echo ( Mauritius parakeet) Pyrrhura cruentata ( I ) ( Blue-throated parakeet) Rhynchopsitta spp. ( I ) (Thick-billed parrots) Strigops habroptilus ( I ) ( Kakapo ) Vini spp. ( II) ( Blue lorikeets) ​ ​ Annex C : Psittacula krameri ( III GH) ( Rose-ringed parakeet) ​Did you find a parrot for sale ? Indonesia Bukit Lawang, Bohorok North Sumatra, Indonesia Sumatra Ecoproject : info@sumeco.id Website : SUMECO (Sumatra Ecoproject) - Wildlife Conservation in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra ​ ​ OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com ​ ​ Sumatra Ecoproject ​ ​ OURANOS Project ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ References : eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:31997R0338 : Official Journal of the European Communities

Organisations and Institutions I. U. C.N. I.U.C.N. Red List C.I.T.E.S INTERPOL I.C.C.W.C. O.M.D. UNODC

OUR CAMPAIGNS Mykolaev zoo campaign ​ 13/11/2022 - 15/12/2022 Coalition for pets in Kharkiv (part) ​ 12/02/2023 - 23/04/2023 (credit : Résilience Internationale ) Sterilisation campaign for cats (part) 17/02/2023 - 06/03/2023 (credit : Woof Division Charitable Fondation ) Sudan Animal Rescue campaign ​ 23/04/2023 - 02/11/2023 (credit : Sudan animal rescue ) Bats and CITES status campaign 28/06/2024 - 04/07/2024 Indi Raja operation 20/08/2024 - ... Moo Deng campaign ​20 /09/2024 - 29/09/2024 Faa Sai - Phu Jan operation 06/10/2024 - 24/10/2024 OURANOS 2024 OURANOS 2024 OURANOS 2024 OURANOS 2024