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Sugar glider Petaurus breviceps Localization Australia, Papoua Threats No major threat Agriculture Bushfire Hypocalcaemia (in captivity) Population Stable U.I.C.N. : L.C. - Least Concern C.I.T.E.S: No indexed Trade Australia : To ensure that gilders are not illegally removed from the wild and sold as pets, all breeders, distributors and owners would require permits outlining the glider's history and source location. Strict penalties for illegal activities should be enforced. In addition, wild populations would require constant monitoring to ensure the protection of the glider species. In Australia, sugar gliders can be kept in Victoria, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. However, they are not allowed to be kept as pets in Western Australia, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Queensland or Tasmania. DNA analysis indicates that "the USA (sugar) glider population originates from West Papua, Indonesia with no illegal harvesting from other native areas such as Papua New Guinea or Australia".Given that the West Papuan gliders have been tentatively classified as Krefft's gliders (albeit to be changed in the future), this indicates that at least the captive gliders kept in the United States are Krefft's gliders, not sugar gliders. United States : Campbell et al . (2019), have provided evidence to support anecdotal reports from commercial websites offering the sale of sugar gliders that the source of the USA population of sugar gliders is West Papua, Indonesia. In our sampling, we found no evidence of illegal trade from other parts for the sugar glider native range but we cannot discount the possibility that animals are taken from other parts of Indonesia or Papua New Guinea and traded from Sorong. The scope of our inference is limited due to sparse sampling of West Papua, surrounding islands and the voluntary nature of tissue donation from USA pet owners. More extensive sampling of wild sugar gliders, animals bred in captive breeding facilities in West Papua and privately owned sugar gliders in the USA along with detailed pedigree information from breeders in the USA would be required to fully understand the importation history (Hogg et al., 2018 ). We established that despite being founded very recently (less than 30 years ago), the USA population is significantly more diverse than other introduced but older populations in Australia (Campbell et al., 2018 ). This implies multiple recent introductions and/or gene flow between Indonesia and the USA (Dawnay et al., 2008 ; Ogden & Linacre, 2015 ), and suggests that there is sufficient diversity within the USA population to avoid negative consequences of inbreeding if pedigrees are carefully managed. Ongoing importation of sugar gliders from legal avenues would allow US breeders to actively manage genetic diversity in the captive USA population, while allowing Indonesian wildlife traders the opportunity to benefit from their natural resources. For the specific purpose of preventing inbreeding in the USA an appropriately managed wild harvest of sugar gliders from West Papua, Indonesia, could continue with sufficient regulation of wildlife trade and if sustainable wildlife harvest quotas are enforced (Nijman, 2010 ; Janssen & Chng, 2018 ). Initiatives to achieve this could include, stricter licensing and registration for exporters, minimum mandatory reporting standards for captive breeding facilities and monitoring of selected wildlife trade hubs (Nijman, 2010 ). References : Petaurus breviceps (Sugar Glider) Wayback Machine The origin of exotic pet sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) kept in the United States of America [PeerJ] Sugar glider - Wikipedia (utiliser d'autres sources)

Direct sheets reptiles Find, check and signal ! Peter's bright snake Reptiles and Amphibians - General

Parrots Psittaciformes Localization Africa, South and Central Americas, Oceania Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood plantations Selling as pets Population Decreasing U.I.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Trade European Union : 03/03/1997 : Official Journal of the European Communities PSITTACIFORMES spp.* ( II)-106 ( Parrots, etc. ) Psittacidae Annex A : Amazona arausiaca ( I ) ( Red-necked parrot) Amazona barbadensis ( I ) (Yellow-shouldered parrot) Amazona brasiliensis ( I ) ( Red-tailed parrot) Amazona guildingii ( I ) ( St Vincent parrot) Amazona imperialis ( I ) ( Imperial parrot) Amazona leucocephala ( I ) (Cuban parrot) Amazona pretrei ( I ) ( Red-spectacled parrot) Amazona rhodocorytha / Amazona dufresniana rhodocorytha ( I ) = ( Red-browed parrot) Amazona tucumana ( I ) (Tucuman parrot) Amazona versicolor ( I ) ( Saint Lucia parrot) Amazona vinacea ( I) (Vinaceous parrot) Amazona vittata ( I ) ( Puerto Rican parrot) Anodorhynchus spp. ( I ) ( Blue macaws) Ara ambigua ( I ) ( Great green macaw) Ara glaucogularis ( I ) (Blue-throated macaw) Ara macao ( I ) ( Scarlet macaw) Ara maracana (I (Blue-winged macaw) Ara militaris ( I ) ( Military macaw) Ara rubrogenys ( I ) (Red-fronted macaw) Aratinga guarouba ( I ) ( Golden parakeet) Cacatua goffini ( 1 ) (Tanimbar cockatoo) Cacatua haematuropygia (I) (Philippine cockatoo) Cacatua moluccensis ( I ) ( Salmon-crested cockatoo) Cyanopsitta spixii ( I ) ( Spix's macaw) Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi ( I ) (Catham Island yellow-fronted parakeet) Cyanoramphus cookii ( I ) / Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cookii ( Norfolk parakeet) Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae ( I ) (Red-fronted parakeet) Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni ( I ) / Opopsitta diophtalma coxeni (Coxen's double-eyed fig parrot) Eos histrio ( I ) ( Red and blue lory) Geopsittacus occidentalis ( I ) / Pezoporus occidentalis (Night parrot) Neophema chrysogaster ( I ) ( Orange-bellied parrot) Ognorhychus icterotis ( I ) ( Yellow-eared parrot) Pezoporus wallicus ( I ) ( Ground parrot) Pionopsitta pileata ( I ) ( Pileated parrot) Probosciger aterrimus ( I ) ( Palm cockatoo) Psephotus chrysopterygius ( I ) ( Golden-shouldered parrot) Psephotus dissimilis ( I ) / Psephotus chrysopterygius ( Hooded parrot) Psephotus pulcherrimus p.e. ( I ) ( Paradise parrot) Psittacula echo ( I ) / Psittacula krameri echo ( Mauritius parakeet) Pyrrhura cruentata ( I ) ( Blue-throated parakeet) Rhynchopsitta spp. ( I ) (Thick-billed parrots) Strigops habroptilus ( I ) ( Kakapo ) Vini spp. ( II) ( Blue lorikeets) Annex C : Psittacula krameri ( III GH) ( Rose-ringed parakeet) Did you find a parrot for sale ? Indonesia Bukit Lawang, Bohorok North Sumatra, Indonesia Sumatra Ecoproject : info@sumeco.id Website : SUMECO (Sumatra Ecoproject) - Wildlife Conservation in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com Sumatra Ecoproject OURANOS Project References : eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:31997R0338 : Official Journal of the European Communities

Albatros d'Amsterdam Diomedea amsterdamensis Vincent Legendre Albatros d'amsterdam poussin.jpg 01/01/2005 Localization Amsterdam and St. Paul's Islands (T.A.A.F., France), Austral Islands Threats Introduced species (including Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae), exploitation of fishery resources Population 92 mature individuals, non-fragmented populations, increasing U.I.C.N. : C.R. - Critically endangered C.I.T.E.S : Not indexed Trade France : Ministerial Decree of 14 August 1998 The destruction or removal of eggs or nests, the destruction, mutilation, capture or naturalization of individuals wherever they may be, living or dead, their transport, peddling, use, offering for sale, sale or purchase are prohibited. Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Australia : Department of Environment and Heritage 2006 Plan to Reduce the Threat of Bycatch of Seabirds in Ocean Longline Operations 2006. References : Diomedea amsterdamensis (Amsterdam Albatross) (iucnredlist.org) PNA_albatros_amsterdam_2018-2027.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Articles More information about wildlife and threats Species (unavailable) Scientific articles Laws and politics

Pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus David Perez Localization Galemys pyrenaicus pyrenaicus : Pyrenees (France, Andorra and Spain) Galemys pyrenaicus rufulus : Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) Threats Cultures, agriculture Fishing and Recreation Dams Invasive species Non-native diseases Land and water pollution Droughts Population Highly fragmented, declining populations I.U.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Not indexed Convention de Berne : Appendix II - Strictly Protected Wildlife Species Trade France : Article 1 of the Decree of 17 April 1981 Repealed by Decree of 23 April 2007 - article 8, intial version Amended by Order 2007-02-19 art. 1 JORF 19 April 2007 The destruction, alteration or degradation of the particular environment of mammals of the following non-domestic species, the destruction, mutilation, capture or removal, intentional disturbance, naturalization of individuals of these species or, whether living or dead, their transport, peddling, use or offering for sale, are prohibited throughout the national territory and at all times, selling or buying them: - Talpidae : Pyrenees desman (Galemys pyrenaicus ). Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. References : biodiversite.gouv.fr/projet-pna/wp-content/uploads/PNA_desman_des_pyrenees.pdf Galemys pyrenaicus (Desman pyrénéen) (iucnredlist.org) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Armadillos Dasypodidae I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct DD : Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo Cabassous centralis U.I.C.N. : DD C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Greater Naked-tailed Armadillo Cabassous tatouay U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix III (Uruguay) - (14/07/1976) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Class C - Uruguay (20/05/2023) Andean hairy armadillo Chaetophractus nationi U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (18/09/1997) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Class C - Uruguay (20/05/2023) Screaming Hairy Armadillo Chaetophractus vellerosus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Greater Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus kappleri U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Southern Long-Nosed Armadillo Dasypus hybridus U.I.C.N. : NT - Near Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Yepes's mulita Dasypus mazzai U.I.C.N. : DD - Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Nine-banded Armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus pilosus U.I.C.N. : DD - Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Brazilian Lesser Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus septemcinctus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo Dasypus sabanicola U.I.C.N. : NT - Near Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Photo : © 2018 Feijó et al. Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela (2018) - Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE Giant armadillo Priodontes maximus U.I.C.N. : VU - Vulnerable C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I (01/07/1975) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Class A - (20/05/2023) Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo Tolypeutes tricinctus U.I.C.N. : VU - Vulnerable C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Southern Three-banded Armadillo Tolypeutes matacus U.I.C.N. : NT - Near Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Not indexed Localization Americas Threats Housing & urban areas Annual & perennial non-timber crops Wood & pulp plantations Livestock farming & ranching Roads & railroads Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals Trade Argentina : Restrictions on trade in certain species (16/01/2006) [Suspension for CLASS Mammalia] [Stricter domestic measures] The export of all live specimens of native species of mammals (with the exception of: species subject to management plans and export quotas; specimens bred in captivity in registered operations; species considered as pests or harmful under current legislation; pets; specimens for zoological, cultural or educational exhibitions). Specimens of such species may be exported after the Argentine Management Authority has verified on a case-by-case basis that the export is in conformity with current national legislation and issued a CITES permit. Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) Bolivia : Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All, all sources (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) Chile : Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Panama : Suspension of the issuance of export permits for wild-harvested specimens (W) (05/05/2023) [Stricter domestic measures] The issuance of export permits for all wildlife specimens harvested from the wild (W) for commercial purposes (T) has been suspended. Peru : Andean hairy armadillo (Chaetophractus nationi ) : Quota : 0 (2024) - All (Note: established by the Conference of the Parties) United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. References : Species+ Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State Notification to the Parties 2023 Cabassous centralis (Northern Naked-tailed Armadillo) Publications Office Andean hairy armadillo - Wikipedia Tolypeutes tricinctus (Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo) Tolypeutes matacus (Southern Three-banded Armadillo) Priodontes maximus (Giant Armadillo) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance Taxonomic revision of the long-nosed armadillos, Genus Dasypus Linnaeus, 1758 (Mammalia, Cingulata) | PLOS ONE - Anderson Feijó, Bruce D. Patterson, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela Dasypus novemcinctus (Nine-banded Armadillo) Dasypus kappleri (Greater Long-nosed Armadillo) Dasypus pilosus (Hairy Long-nosed Armadillo) Dasypus sabanicola (Northern Long-nosed Armadillo) Dasypus septemcinctus (Brazilian Lesser Long-nosed Armadillo) Yepes's mulita - Wikipedia Dasypus hybridus (Southern Long-Nosed Armadillo)

OUR MASCOTS Sakura KIMURA My story Mystery Hao Mihn KIM My story Dare to defy me, comrade !

Bats Chiroptera I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Localisation World out of Poles Threats Trade online Agriculture, some of pesticides Diseases Bush meat Traditionnal medicine Touristic trade Trade France : Including “Chiroptera” bonds in sales deeds during state real estate transfers Number of sales deeds that included a clause in favor of bats Including “Chiroptera” data in sales deeds during state real estate transfers or forest house transfers Number of sales deeds that included a clause in favor of bats Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. United States : Some animals, such as bats, insects, and snails, are known to carry zoonotic diseases. Importation of such animals for any purpose requires permits from CDC and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Because bats can be infected with and transmit rabies, permits are not issued for the importation of bats as pets. Etiologic agents, hosts, or vectors of human disease, including microorganisms, insects, biological materials, tissues, certain live animals (e.g., live snails), and animal products may require a CDC permit for importation or transfer into the United States. CDC permits for approved scientific, exhibition, or educational purposes are issued through the CDC Import Permit Program. Internet trade The species Kerivoula picta , like other microbats, is sold on online platforms for decorative purposes as well as as souvenirs for tourists. According to Coleman et al. (2024), sales of Kerivoula picta and other bats are decreasing between December 2022 and January 2023, but are predominant in Western countries, reaching more than 500 offers listed on eBay for the United States. According to a study led by Hunter et al . (2024), over a period of 18-months, the sale of 4479 different bat products have been identified , derived from 47 different species. On Etsy, it is estimated that over 10,000 items were sold over the study period, including skulls, skeletons, taxidermy, framed displays and jewellery. The sellers of these items were predominantly located in Europe, North America and Hong Kong, whilst analysis of the ranges of the species advertised in listings indicated that South and South East Asia are likely to be hotspots of sourcing for this trade. Moreover, bat ornaments are largely sold as collectible oddities. Cynopterus brachyotis (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Eonycteris spelaea (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Kerivoula picta (I.U.C.N. : N.T. - soon revised, C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Decreasing Kerivoula pellucida (I.U.C.N. : N.T. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Decreasing Nycteris javanica (I.U.C.N. : V.U. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Decreasing Picture : Hansmuller, 2015, Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden) Pipistrellus javanicus (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) Pipistrellus kuhlii (I.U.C.N. : L.C. , C.I.T.E.S. : not indexed) References : PNA_Chiropteres_2016-2025.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) http://www.economie.gouv.fr/cessions Bats | Bringing an Animal into U.S. | Importation | CDC Muscardin volant — Wikipédia (wikipedia.org) Bat Trade Working Group - IUCN SSC Bat Specialist Group (iucnbsg.org) Frontiers | Bat E-Commerce: Insights Into the Extent and Potential Implications of This Dark Trade (frontiersin.org) Increasing concern over trade in bat souvenirs from South-east Asia | Oryx | Cambridge Core Endangered Species Act Protections Sought for Painted Woolly Bats - Center for Biological Diversity Increasing concern over trade in bat souvenirs from South-east Asia | Oryx | Cambridge Core Joanna Coleman, Nistara Randhawa, Joe Chun-Chia Huang, Tigga Kingston, Benjamin P Y-H Lee, Joy M O’Keefe, Abigail Rutrough, Vu Dinh Thong, Susan M Tsang, Chris R Shepherd. 2024, Dying for décor: quantifying the online, ornamental trade in a distinctive bat species, Kerivoula picta Sara Bronwen Hunter, Julie Weeds, Fiona Mathews. 2024, Monitoring the trade in bat taxidermy and specimens on e-commerce platforms - ScienceDirect - Biological Conservation (299,110827) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Zoophilia and Bestiality Note : The term "bestiality" refers, for some of countries, to all sexual acts of a non-heterosexual nature between consenting adults. Legislation by country: Germany : Article 184a of the Penal Code Anyone who publishes pornographic content (§ 11 paragraph 3) with the subject of acts of violence or sexual acts between humans and animals shall be punished by imprisonment for up to three years or a fine. 1.broadcast or made available to the public, or 2.manufactures, obtains, supplies, stores, offers, advertises or undertakes to import or export it for the purpose of using it within the meaning of point 1 or to enable any other person to do so. 2 In the cases referred to in sentence 1 number 1, the attempt shall be punishable by law. Distribution of pornographic, violent or animal content Australia : Bestiality is illegal, but each Australian state can repeal the legislation if desired. Belgium : Is not legally defined, but has been unofficially considered a misdemeanor since 2007. Possible conviction for public indecency. Bulgaria : Zoophilia is not sanctioned by law; Physical cruelty to an animal is punished. Canada : Section 160(1) of the Criminal Code, Part V, prohibits bestiality. Danemark : Zoophilia is penalized since 2015. Ethiopia : Bestiality is illegal and "punishable by law". Finland : Zoophilia is legal as long as no physical injury is inflicted on the animal54 ; Formerly recognized as illegal but legalized in 1971. Sharing pornographic zoophile videos is legal, but trading them is illegal. France : Law of 30/11/2021 "Sexual abuse of a domesticated animal, tamed or kept in captivity is punishable by three years' imprisonment and a fine of 45,000 euros." 40. As an additional penalty, the court may prohibit the keeping of an animal, whether permanently or not, as well as registration with the FIJAIS. "Art. 521-1-3.-The act of proposing or soliciting acts constituting sexual abuse of an animal as defined in Article 521-1-1, by any means whatsoever, is punishable by one year's imprisonment and a fine of 15,000 euros." "Art. 521-1-2.-The act of complicity in serious abuse, acts of cruelty or sexual abuse of a domesticated animal, tamed or kept in captivity, provided for in the first paragraph of Articles 521-1 and 521-1-1, and is punishable by the penalties provided for in the same Articles 521-1 and 521-1-1, the fact of knowingly recording, by any means whatsoever and on any medium whatsoever, shall constitute an act of complicity in serious abuse, acts of cruelty or sexual abuse of a domesticated animal, tamed or kept in captivity, and shall be punishable by the penalties provided for in the same Articles 521-1 and 521-1-1, and shall be punishable by the penalties provided for in the same Articles 521-1 and 521-1-1, the fact of knowingly recording, by any means whatsoever and on any medium whatsoever, images relating to the commission of the offences mentioned in this paragraph. It is an act of complicity in the mistreatment of an animal and is punishable by the fine provided for fourth class offences, to knowingly record, by any means whatsoever and on any medium whatsoever, images relating to the commission of the aforementioned offence of ill-treatment. "The act of disseminating the recording of such images on the internet is punishable by two years in prison and a fine of 30,000 euros. "This article shall not apply when the recording, possession, dissemination or consultation of these images is intended to make a contribution to a public debate in the public interest or to serve as evidence in court." Ghana : Zoophilia is illegal. "Unnatural carnal knowledge" is not permitted under the Criminal Code ofGhana.64 Hungary : Zoophilia is legal; Physical cruelty to an animal is punished. India : Zoophilia is illegal under Section 377 of the CPI (Indian Penal Code). Japan : Zoophilia is not mentioned in the law, but physical cruelty to the animals is punishable. Mexico : Bestiality is legal. Norway : Besticity has been illegal since 2008. (sources) Netherlands : Bestiality has been legal since 2010. Romania : Zoophilia is legal; Physical cruelty to an animal is punished. Russia : Zoophilia, like all practices other than heterosexual between consenting adults, is considered a mental illness and can be equivalent to compulsory psychiatric internment; If the owner of the animal files a complaint, it can become a crime that can be punished by prison. Spain : Bestiality is not legally reprimanded, but there are laws against animal abuse. Switzerland : Article 135 of the Criminal Code: 1 Anyone who manufactures, imports, deposits, puts into circulation, promotes, exhibits, offers, shows, makes available, makes available, acquires, obtains electronically or in any other way or possesses sound or visual recordings, images, other objects or representations that insistently depict acts of cruelty to adults or animals or ineffective acts of cruelty to minors that seriously violate human dignity, without any cultural or scientific value worthy of protection, shall be punished by deprivation of liberty for a term not exceeding three years or by a financial penalty. If the objects or representations contain actual acts of violence against minors, the perpetrator shall be punished by deprivation of liberty for a term not exceeding five years or a financial penalty. 2 Anyone who consumes or, for his own consumption, manufactures, imports, takes on deposit, acquires, obtains electronically or in any other way or possesses objects or representations within the meaning of para. 1, 1st sentence, shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term not exceeding one year or by a financial penalty. If the objects or representations contain actual acts of violence against minors, the perpetrator shall be punished by deprivation of liberty for a term not exceeding three years or a financial penalty. 3 Objects are confiscated. Article 197 of the Criminal Code: 4 Anyone who manufactures, imports, deposits, puts into circulation, promotes, exhibits, offers, shows, makes available, makes available, acquires, obtains electronically or in any other way or possesses objects or representations referred to in para. 1, which contains sexual acts with animals, acts of violence between adults or sexual acts of an ineffective nature with minors, shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term not exceeding three years or by a financial penalty. If the objects or representations contain actual sexual acts with minors, the penalty is a custodial sentence of up to five years or a financial penalty. 5 Anyone who consumes or, for his or her own consumption, manufactures, imports, takes on deposit, acquires, obtains electronically or in any other way or possesses objects or representations referred to in para. 1, which contains sexual acts with animals, acts of violence between adults or ineffective sexual acts with minors, shall be punishable by deprivation of liberty for a term not exceeding one year or by a financial penalty. If the objects or representations contain actual sexual acts with minors, the penalty is a custodial sentence of up to three years or a financial penalty. 6 In the event of an offence within the meaning of paragraphs 4 and 5, the objects shall be confiscated. 7 If the perpetrator acts with the intention of enrichment, the judge shall impose a pecuniary penalty in addition to the custodial sentence. 9 The objects and representations referred to in paras. 1 to 5 that have a cultural or scientific value worthy of protection are not pornographic in nature. Türkiye : Bestiality, like all non-heterosexual practices between adults who are either single or married together, is considered a crime punishable by imprisonment. United Kingdom : Sexual Offences Act (2003): A person commits an offence who: intentionally performs an act of penetration with his penis, what is penetrated is the vagina or anus of a living animal, and He knows it, or he doesn't care if it's what is being penetrated. A person (A) commits an offence if: A intentionally causes or allows penetration of A's vagina or anus, penetration is through the penis of a living animal, and A knows this, or does not care whether it is by this that A is penetrated. A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 6 months or to a fine not exceeding the law, or to both; on indictment, to a term of imprisonment not exceeding 2 years. United States : Recognized as a serious or "unnatural" crime: North Carolina, Louisiana and Puerto Rico Recognized as a major crime in the following states: Arizona, North Carolina, South Carolina, South Dakota, Delaware, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, and Washington Recognized as a misdemeanor in the following states: Alaska, Arkansas, Californie, Floride, Iowa, Louisiane, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, État de New York, Dakota du Nord, Oregon, Pennsylvanie, Utah et Wisconsin. Zambia : Zoophilia is illegal. Article 115 of the penal code prohibits "unnatural acts", including "carnal relations with an animal". References: Article L512-1-1 - Internal Security Code - Légifrance (legifrance.gouv.fr) Fight against animal abuse (Legislative file in unfolded version) - National Assembly (assemblee-nationale.fr) Articles | Animal Legal & Historical Center (animallaw.info) Zoophilia — Wikipédia (wikipedia.org) (27/04/2024) SR 311.0 - Swiss Criminal Code of 21 December 1937 | Fedlex (admin.ch)

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Wallaby Macropodidae Localization Australia and Papua New-Guinea Threats Population U.I.C.N. : C.I.T.E.S: Trade Canada, United States: France: India: Indonesia: Laos : Malaysia: Philippines : Vietnam : References :