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Parrots Psittaciformes Localization Africa, South and Central Americas, Oceania Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood plantations Selling as pets Population Decreasing U.I.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Trade European Union : 03/03/1997 : Official Journal of the European Communities PSITTACIFORMES spp.* ( II)-106 ( Parrots, etc. ) Psittacidae Annex A : Amazona arausiaca ( I ) ( Red-necked parrot) Amazona barbadensis ( I ) (Yellow-shouldered parrot) Amazona brasiliensis ( I ) ( Red-tailed parrot) Amazona guildingii ( I ) ( St Vincent parrot) Amazona imperialis ( I ) ( Imperial parrot) Amazona leucocephala ( I ) (Cuban parrot) Amazona pretrei ( I ) ( Red-spectacled parrot) Amazona rhodocorytha / Amazona dufresniana rhodocorytha ( I ) = ( Red-browed parrot) Amazona tucumana ( I ) (Tucuman parrot) Amazona versicolor ( I ) ( Saint Lucia parrot) Amazona vinacea ( I) (Vinaceous parrot) Amazona vittata ( I ) ( Puerto Rican parrot) Anodorhynchus spp. ( I ) ( Blue macaws) Ara ambigua ( I ) ( Great green macaw) Ara glaucogularis ( I ) (Blue-throated macaw) Ara macao ( I ) ( Scarlet macaw) Ara maracana (I (Blue-winged macaw) Ara militaris ( I ) ( Military macaw) Ara rubrogenys ( I ) (Red-fronted macaw) Aratinga guarouba ( I ) ( Golden parakeet) Cacatua goffini ( 1 ) (Tanimbar cockatoo) Cacatua haematuropygia (I) (Philippine cockatoo) Cacatua moluccensis ( I ) ( Salmon-crested cockatoo) Cyanopsitta spixii ( I ) ( Spix's macaw) Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi ( I ) (Catham Island yellow-fronted parakeet) Cyanoramphus cookii ( I ) / Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cookii ( Norfolk parakeet) Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae ( I ) (Red-fronted parakeet) Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni ( I ) / Opopsitta diophtalma coxeni (Coxen's double-eyed fig parrot) Eos histrio ( I ) ( Red and blue lory) Geopsittacus occidentalis ( I ) / Pezoporus occidentalis (Night parrot) Neophema chrysogaster ( I ) ( Orange-bellied parrot) Ognorhychus icterotis ( I ) ( Yellow-eared parrot) Pezoporus wallicus ( I ) ( Ground parrot) Pionopsitta pileata ( I ) ( Pileated parrot) Probosciger aterrimus ( I ) ( Palm cockatoo) Psephotus chrysopterygius ( I ) ( Golden-shouldered parrot) Psephotus dissimilis ( I ) / Psephotus chrysopterygius ( Hooded parrot) Psephotus pulcherrimus p.e. ( I ) ( Paradise parrot) Psittacula echo ( I ) / Psittacula krameri echo ( Mauritius parakeet) Pyrrhura cruentata ( I ) ( Blue-throated parakeet) Rhynchopsitta spp. ( I ) (Thick-billed parrots) Strigops habroptilus ( I ) ( Kakapo ) Vini spp. ( II) ( Blue lorikeets) Annex C : Psittacula krameri ( III GH) ( Rose-ringed parakeet) Did you find a parrot for sale ? Indonesia Bukit Lawang, Bohorok North Sumatra, Indonesia Sumatra Ecoproject : info@sumeco.id Website : SUMECO (Sumatra Ecoproject) - Wildlife Conservation in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com Sumatra Ecoproject OURANOS Project References : eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:31997R0338 : Official Journal of the European Communities

The role of Humans 人間の役割 10/01/2025 : English version / 英語版 : "The Role of Humans" Series: The Damaged Natural Environment Humans are part of nature, and have forgotten the history of how we have been sustained by the natural environment...where are we going? Touted as a place of "tourism" and "healing," Okinawa's future is by no means bright... Article : Son of a beach: Coastal development and the loss of natural beaches over time (1919 to 2018) on Okinawa Island, southern Japan - ScienceDirect Japanese version / 日本語版 : 「人間の役割」シリーズ　損なわれた自然環境　編 人間は自身が自然の中の一部であり、自然環境に生かされて来た歴史を忘れて…どこへ行くのか？ 「観光」と「癒し」と謳われる 沖縄の未来は決して明るくない。。。 記事: Son of a beach: Coastal development and the loss of natural beaches over time (1919 to 2018) on Okinawa Island, southern Japan - ScienceDirect 10/12/2024 : English version / 英語版 : Scientists need to be aware that there is a wise way to conserve the environment that is in line with the laws of nature, and they need to make efforts every day, without being caught up in immediate phenomena. Nami Okubo is wonderful for showing this through her actions and words. The conference : Can science conserve the coral reef ecosystem? (Nami Okubo) Japanese version / 日本語版 : 目先の現象だけに囚われずに、自然の摂理に沿った、賢い環境保全の道がある事を「科学者」は自覚し、日々努力が求められています。それを行動と発言で示されている大久保奈弥さん素敵です 。 会議： 科学でサンゴ礁生態系を保全できるのか？( 大久保奈弥さん)

Team ZAN's NEWS チーム・ザンの ニュース 07/03/2025 : English version / 英語版 : Plans to build a hotel in Nagura Bay, home to dugongs. Facebook page : https://www.facebook.com/teamzanokinawa Japanese version / 日本語版 : ジュゴンの生息する 名蔵湾にホテル建設計画 フェイスブックページ : https://www.facebook.com/teamzanokinawa 03/01/2025 : English version / 英語版 : A series of dugongs "starved to death" Global warming has caused an anomaly in the sea in Thailand... Why?! A series of dugongs "starved to death" Global warming has caused an anomaly in the sea in Thailand ... (Posted on January 3, 2025)|NTV NEWS NNN Japanese version / 日本語版 : 相次ぐジュゴンの“餓死” 地球温暖化でタイの海に異変が… : 一体なぜ！？相次ぐジュゴンの“餓死” 地球温暖化でタイの海に異変が…（2025年1月3日掲載）｜日テレNEWS NNN 31/12/2024 : English version / 英語版 : Killer Whale: A Complete History of Orca Research by Hiroyuki Mizuguchi. You can already buy it there (Japanese version) : シャチ: オルカ研究全史 | 水口 博也 |本 | 通販 | Amazon Japanese version / 日本語版 : 水口 博也 『シャチ : オルカ研究全史』 すでにそこで購入できます: シャチ: オルカ研究全史 | 水口 博也 |本 | 通販 | Amazon 22/12/2024 : English version / 英語版 : Recently, the Team Zan member and writer Urashima Etsuko (浦島悦子さん) has published this English bilingual version of a picture book about the Okinawa dugong ! You can already buy it there : Amazon.co.jp: ジュゴンの帰る海 英文対訳版 : 浦島悦子, なかち しずか, Marius Palz: 本 Japanese version / 日本語版 : 最近、チーム・ザン のメンバーで作家の浦島悦子さんが、沖縄のジュゴンに関する絵本の英語バイリンガル版を出版しました！ すでにそこで購入できます: Amazon.co.jp: ジュゴンの帰る海 英文対訳版 : 浦島悦子, なかち しずか, Marius Palz: 本

Loris, pottos and angwantibos Lorisidae I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Golden angwantibo Arctocebus aureus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Calabar angwantibo Arctocebus calabarensis U.I.C.N. : NT - Not Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Gray slender loris Loris lydekkerianus U.I.C.N. : NT - Not Threatened C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Red slender loris Loris tardigradus U.I.C.N. : EN - En dangered C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Red slender loris Nycticebus bengalensis U.I.C.N. : EN - En dangered C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Sunda slow loris / Greater slow loris Nycticebus coucang U.I.C.N. : EN - Endangered C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Javan slow loris Nycticebus javanicus U.I.C.N. : CR - Critically Endangered C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Kayan Slow Loris Nycticebus kayan U.I.C.N. : VU - Vulnerable C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Pygmy slow loris Nycticebus pygmaeus U.I.C.N. : EN - Endangered C.I.T.E.S: Appendix I (13/09/2007) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) Milne-Edwards's Potto Perodicticus edwardsi U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S : No status East African potto Perodicticus ibeanus U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S: No status West African potto Perodicticus potto U.I.C.N. : NT - Not Threatened C.I.T.E.S: Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) False potto Pseudopotto martini U.I.C.N. : LC - Least Concerned C.I.T.E.S: Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex B (20/05/2023) Localization South Asia, South-Eastern Asia (Lorises) West Africa and Central Africa (Angwantibos and pottos) Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood and pulp plantations Logging and wood harvesting Hunting Trapping Population Decreasing Trade Internet : According to Nekaris et al . (2015), the 100 videos viewed contained 122 individual slow lorises. Bengal slow loris (N. bengalensis ;37%) and pygmy slow loris (N. pygmaeus ;39%) occurred most frequently, followed by greater slow loris (N. coucang ;16%), Javan slow loris (N. javanicus ;4%) and Philippine slow loris (N. menagensis ;3%) as well as one purported hybrid (1%). Slow loris videos were predominantly uploaded from 5 countries, China (15%), Thailand (15%), Vietnam (7%), all slow loris range countries, Japan (28%) and Russia (12%). For China, 6 of the 15 individuals recorded were non-native species, and for Thailand, 5 of the 15 individuals recorded were not native to the country. With regard to age class, most slow lorises were adults (55%), followed by juveniles (23%) and infants (22%). All 100 videos found showed at least 1 negative condition, with 4% showing only 1 condition, but with nearly one third (31%) showing all 5 negative conditions. Presence of conditions included human contact (57%), daylight (87%), signs of stress and ill health (53%), unnatural environmental conditions (91%) and isolation from conspecifics (77%). In 49% of the videos at least 1 of the slow lorises present was obese. In 8 separate videos infections were observed around the muzzle of an individual, indicating that teeth had been removed, and 3 animals exhibited open wounds consistent with being bitten by a conspecific. The average duration of the videos was 129 ± 92.9 s; there was no relation between the duration of the video and the number of conditions shown. Cambodia : Cambodia lists them as protected, with penalties of one month in prison and fines of US$2.50 to US$250 in 2010 for anyone who catches, hunts, poisons, or transports them. Democratic Republic of Congo : West African potto (Perodicticus potto ) : Quota : 100 - Live (2024) France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Guinea : APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN GUINEA Recommendation to maintain the suspension of trade for commercial purposes with Guinea in specimens of all CITES-listed species and other recommendations (23/11/2023) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Guinea-Bissau : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA 22/01/2018) The Secretariat informed Parties of the recommendation by the Standing Committee that all Parties suspend commercial trade with Guinea-Bissau and Liberia in specimens of CITES-listed species until further notice for failure to adopt appropriate legislative measures to implement the Convention. India : Ban on trade in wild fauna and flora, except certain specimens of Dalbergia latifolia and Dalbergia sissoo (26/03/2018) India permits the export of cultivated varieties of plant species included in Appendices I and II and has indicated that all products, other than the wood and wood products in the form of logs, timber, stumps, roots, bark, chips, powder, flakes, dust and charcoal, produced from wild sourced (W) Dalbergia sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia and authorized for export by a CITES Comparable Certificate issued by the competent authorities of India are exempted from the general ban. Such Dalbergia sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia specimens are harvested legally as per the regional and national laws of India and as per the prescribed management (working) plans, which are based on silvicultural principles and all are covered under Legal Procurement Certificate; all the material are sold from the Government timber depots through auction or are legally procured and can be exported legally. Starting on the date of this Notification, all the CITES Comparable Certificates will be issued with a footnote, stating that the wild (W) source specimens are covered under Legal Procurement Certificate as per regional and national laws in India. Indonesia : In Indonesia, the slow loris trade has been illegal since 1973, when the Agriculture Ministry passed Decree No. 66. This regulation was clarified in 1999 with Government Regulation No. 7 ("Protection of Wild Flora and Fauna") and Act No. 5 ("Biodiversity Conservation"). Violators are subject to five years in prison and a fine of 100 million rupiah (~US$10,000). Hundreds of Indonesian lorises are traded domestically every year, sold in open-air “bird markets,” by the side of the road, and even at shopping malls. Because they look cute and cuddly, they are desirable as pets or even as a kind of “living toy” for children. Buyers typically do not know anything about these animals and so are unaware of their endangered status. Local hunters work for specialized animal trade mafias. Traders will buy them and take them to the main markets in big cities, where customers will pay around 300,000 to 500,000 rupiahs (US$32 to US$54) for one animal. Often, the buyers are Western tourists or expatriates who sometimes pay up to 1,000,000 rupiahs (US$108). The buyers feel pity for these poor animals, although they don’t know that buying them is cruel—and technically illegal. Lorises are not well adapted to captivity and are very stress-sensitive. On top of this, owners usually have no idea how to care for their new purchases and do not feed their lorises a proper diet. Consequently, captive lorises often die of nutritional problems, pneumonia, and stress. One additional cause of death for traded lorises is dental infections, with a death rate of up to 90 percent. Lorises’ teeth are often brutally cut or pulled out by traders using nail cutters, causing unbearable pain. Lorises with no teeth are not able to fend for themselves in the wild, as they use their canines and a special venom they produce in their brachial glands to stun their prey and protect themselves from predators. These lorises are unreleasable and must remain in captivity the rest of their lives. (Sanchez, 2008) On the internet, loris bones have already be sold on the online platform TokopediaⓇ for traditional medicine and living individuals as pets . Laos : Recommendation to suspend trade for commercial purposes with the Lao People's Democratic Republic in specimens of all CITES-listed species and other recommendations (21/11/2023) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Liberia : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA 22/01/2018) The Secretariat informed Parties of the recommendation by the Standing Committee that all Parties suspend commercial trade with Guinea-Bissau and Liberia in specimens of CITES-listed species until further notice for failure to adopt appropriate legislative measures to implement the Convention. Philippines : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (29/11-/2010) The export for commercial purposes of wild-caught specimens of wild terrestrial fauna is prohibited. Only specimens bred in captivity by breeders authorized and registered by the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the CITES Management Authority for terrestrial wildlife, may be exported. This restriction has been in effect since 15 February 1994. Parties are urged to help the Philippines in implementing the bans mentioned above and to inform it of any attempts to import into their territories specimens subject to the prohibition. Togo : West African potto (Perodicticus potto ) : Quota : 10 - Wild-taken (2024) Read the article References : Is Tickling Torture? Assessing Welfare towards Slow Lorises (Nycticebus spp.) within Web 2.0 Videos | Folia Primatologica | Karger Publishers Indonesia’s Slow Lorises Suffer in Trade Dr. Karmele Llano Sanchez, International Animal Rescue - 105_v35_n2_2008-09.pdf Nekaris et al. 2010 , p. 882. Nekaris et al. 20 10 , p. 883. Nekaris and Munds 2010 , p. 390 McGreal 2007b . Species+ - CITES Notification: Philippines, Prohibition of trade in CITES specimens Arctocebus aureus (Golden Angwantibo) Arctocebus calabarensis (Calabar Angwantibo) Loris lydekkerianus (Grey Slender Loris) Loris tardigradus (Red Slender Loris) Nycticebus bengalensis (Bengal Slow Loris) Nycticebus coucang (Greater Slow Loris) Nycticebus javanicus (Javan Slow Loris) Nycticebus kayan (Kayan Slow Loris) Nycticebus pygmaeus (Pygmy Slow Loris) Perodicticus potto (West African Potto) Perodicticus ibeanus (East African Potto) Perodicticus edwardsi (Milne-Edwards's Potto) Publications Office - Official Journal of the European Union Notification to the Parties No. 2018/031 Letter template - Recommendation to suspend trade for commercial purposes with the Lao People's Democratic Republic in specimens of all CITES-listed species and other recommendations (21/11/2023) Notification to the Parties No. 2017/ Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Direct sheets birds Find, check and signal ! Birds of prey Bonelli's eagle Other birds Amsterdam albatross

Apes Hominidae I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct DD : Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Gorillas U.I.C.N. : Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered Western gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Chimpanzees U.I.C.N. : Bonobo (Pan paniscus ) : EN - Endangered Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ) : EN - Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Bonobo (Pan paniscus ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Orangutans U.I.C.N. : Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered (included the subsepecies : Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus , Pongo pygmaeus swurmbii and Pongo pygmaeus morio ) Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) - Originally listed as Pongo abelii , from which Pongo tapanuliensis was split in 2023, following taxonomic changes adopted at CoP19. Localization Gorillas, bonobos : Central Africa Chimpanzee (out of bonobos) : Western and Central Africa Orangutans : South-East Asia Humans : World Threats Housing and urban areas Tourism and recreation areas Annual and perennial non-timber crops Mining and quarrying Roads and railroads Hunting and trapping terrestrial animals Logging Wood harvesting Fire and fire suppression Habitat shifting and alteration Bushmeat Traditional medicine Poaching and illegal life trade Diseases (i.e. Ebola, anthrax) Illegal pet trade Sexual trade Population Decreasing EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Bonobo (Pan paniscus ) Class A (20/05/2023) Chimpanzee : Pan troglodytes : Class A (20/05/2023) Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Trade International : Frankfurt Declaration on Gorilla Conservation (10/06/2009) Urge range states to: Enforce existing laws banning the hunting and trading of gorillas, including strictly regulating the wider bushmeat trade, Establish zones available for legal, sustainable use of wildlife over which local communities have full ownership Create a network of effectively managed protected areas Develop and adhere to best practice guidelines on logging, mineral resource ex traction and agricultural production Raise awareness of the legal status and illegal exploitation of gorillas and other wildlife and take action in order to change public attitudes and consumer behaviour Promote research projects and implement systematic monitoring programmes aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of anti-poaching efforts and halting the illegal bushmeat trade Reduce bushmeat transportation options Develop alternative protein sources. Urge donor states, the international community including NGOs and the private sector to assist range states in implementing the above-mentioned points through the provision of financial and technical assistanc Call upon states to combat illegal trade through the confiscation of illegally held live gorillas and ensure their repatriation into sanctuaries, as appropriate, in their country of origin in cooperation with CITES. Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and their Habitats - UNEP/GA/Resolution 2.1 (26-27/11/2011) The Meeting of the Parties to the Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and their Habitat : Calls upon the Parties to submit to the INTERPOL General Secretariat, via their INTERPOL National Central Bureaux and using the Ecomessage system, information relating to the poaching of and illegal trade in gorillas. The resulting up-to-date and international database can lead to more efficient and targeted law enforcement activities Recommends non-Party Range States equally to submit to the INTERPOL General Secretariat, via their INTERPOL National Central Bureaux and using the Ecomessage system, information relating to the poaching of and illegal trade in gorillas Encourages the International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC) to recognize the seriousness of illegal international trade in gorillas, and to provide support to the implementation of the Gorilla Agreement Further calls upon the Parties, other Range States and the Interim Secretariat to cooperate with law enforcement bodies and regional enforcement networks, such as the Lusaka Agreement on cooperative enforcement operations directed at illegal trade in wild fauna and flora and its operational arm, the Lusaka Agreement Task Force where appropriate Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa), Rwanda, Uganda : Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and Their Habitats - UNEP/GA/Resolution 4.1 (12/2023) Fourth Meeting of the Parties of the Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and Their Habitats (GA MOP4) Encourages Parties to collaborate with accredited rescue centres and sanctuaries and other conservation partners, whenever possible, in the care, rehabilitation, and rewilding of confiscated live gorillas, following IUCN guidelines. Encourages Parties to submit information on illegal trade in great apes and great ape body parts to the GRASP Ape Seizure Database. Democratic Republic of the Congo : The illegal trade in great apes, including chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos, thrives in the DRC, fueled by bushmeat hunting and international demand for live animals. Despite existing laws, enforcement remains weak, and corruption exacerbates the issue. The Trade: Bushmeat and Body Parts: Great ape meat is sold locally in Kinshasa at lower prices than beef or chicken. Poachers target mother apes for meat and body parts, selling hands, feet, and skulls. Live Animals: Baby apes are captured and sold to international markets in China, the Middle East, and Europe. In Dubai and China, they are kept as pets or displayed in zoos, while in Nigeria, body parts are used in traditional medicine. Export Routes: Traffickers use air and river transport, often bypassing security by bribing officials. Exports flow to destinations like France, Belgium, Switzerland, and China. Legislative Context: Hunting and trafficking of great apes violate Congolese conservation laws. Corruption undermines enforcement; politicians and high-ranking officials are often complicit in the trade. Global laws like CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) classify African great apes as critically endangered, but enforcement in source countries like the DRC remains inadequate. Scale and Impact: Traffickers exploit weak governance to supply zoos, pet markets, and bushmeat demand. The illegal trade of live apes is estimated to generate $8 million annually. Populations of great apes in Africa are critically endangered due to habitat loss, hunting, and trafficking. France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Guinea : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (CITES) No. 2023/128 Geneva, 23 November 2023 CONCERNING: APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN GUINEA All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Indonesia : Orangutans are hunted for meat, body parts, and as illegal pets. Babies are often captured after their mothers are killed, driving further population decline. Orangutan skulls are hidden from public view in souvenir shops, unlike openly displayed monkey skulls. Hunters operate in oil palm plantation areas, where deforestation and fragmentation increase orangutans' vulnerability. Crimes often occur near orangutan habitats, especially in unprotected areas, and the animals are trafficked locally and internationally. While NGOs detect and report crimes, illegal killing and trafficking remain underreported, especially in remote areas. In contrast, crimes involving other species like Sumatran tigers receive higher prosecution rates and harsher sentences. The orangutan skulls trade violates Article 21 of Law No. 5/1990 , which protects endangered species and their ecosystems. Despite legal protections, enforcement remains weak, allowing the trade to persist. Orangutan crimes are rarely prosecuted. From 2007 to 2019, only 21 cases led to convictions. Punishments are light, with penalties as low as $35 or six months in jail. Illegal hunting and trafficking of orangutans in Indonesia continue to pose significant threats to these critically endangered species, with weak law enforcement allowing the crimes to persist. Officials often avoid legal action against local communities involved in orangutan crimes, prioritizing poverty alleviation and development over strict enforcement. Corruption allows high-ranking individuals to escape punishment, even when they illegally keep orangutans. Liberia : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2018/012 CONCERNING: LIBERIA (22/01/2018) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Nigeria : Convention on Migratory Species - Gorilla Agreement National Report for Cross River Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli) Western Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) Eastern Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri) Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) President Buhari signed the Endangered Species (Control of International Trade and Traffic) Amendment Act in 2016. National Park legislation was also revised. United States : CHIMPANZEE HEALTH IMPROVEMENT, MAINTENANCE, AND PROTECTION ACT - 106th Congress Public Law 551 (20/12/2000) The Chimpanzee Health Improvement, Maintenance, and Protection Act addresses the ethical treatment of chimpanzees previously used in federally funded research and establishes strict rules for their care and trade: Chimpanzee Trade and Captivity: Chimpanzees previously bred, purchased, or captured for research are classified as surplus chimpanzees if they are no longer needed for studies. Once retired, they cannot be traded, sold, or subjected to research, except in rare cases approved by federal authorities under strict conditions. Legislative Protections: A national sanctuary system was created to provide lifetime care for retired chimpanzees. Ownership of surplus chimpanzees is transferred to the sanctuary, ensuring they are not traded or exploited for commercial purposes. Strict regulations prevent breeding and mandate comprehensive records of each chimpanzee's research history. Rare Research Exceptions: The law permits non-invasive studies under limited conditions, such as routine veterinary procedures. Research involving physical removal or harm is prohibited unless deemed essential for public health, reviewed by experts, and involves minimal distress to the chimpanzee. Regulations Against Illegal Trade: Chimpanzees cannot leave the sanctuary system once accepted, protecting them from re-entering illegal or exploitative trade networks. Only entities meeting stringent standards can manage sanctuaries, preventing misuse or neglect. Legislative Oversight: The Secretary of Health and Human Services oversees the sanctuary system, ensuring compliance with the law. Annual reports to Congress track the number of retired chimpanzees and the use of public and private funds to care for them. By regulating how chimpanzees are caught, traded, and retired, the act closes gaps that previously allowed exploitation while ensuring ethical treatment for those no longer used in research. Rules through the United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. Sexual trades : Pony's story See : Zoophilia Pony, an orangutan rescued from a brothel in Indonesia, symbolizes the cruelty of illegal wildlife trafficking and exploitation. This practice, driven by greed and enabled by deforestation and weak enforcement, continues to endanger orangutans, pushing them closer to extinction. Trafficking and Abuse: Pony was stolen as a baby, her mother likely killed in the process. Orangutans typically stay with their mothers for 7–11 years, making this separation devastating. She was held in a brothel, chained to a bed, and forced to perform sex acts on men who paid her captors. Her entire body was shaved every other day, leading to sores and infections. She was adorned with jewelry and perfume to make her appear “attractive.” Rescue and Recovery: In 2003, it took 35 armed police officers to rescue Pony from the resistant local community, who depended on her for income. Despite physical and emotional trauma, she displayed resilience, slowly regaining trust and adapting to her new life in the Nyaru Menteng Rehabilitation Centre. Due to her prolonged captivity, Pony lacks survival skills and cannot be released into the wild The Larger Issue: Illegal Trade Scale of the Problem: Around 1,000 orangutans are killed annually, often to sell their babies on the black market. For every baby orangutan sold, up to four others are killed. Traffickers sell orangutans for up to £10,000, with demand fueled by wealthy buyers, zoos, and even celebrities. Social Media’s Role: Platforms like Instagram and Facebook have made it easier to buy and sell endangered animals. Baby orangutans are particularly prized for their cute appearance but grow into unmanageable adults. Legislative and Conservation Challenges Weak Enforcement: Despite laws protecting orangutans, enforcement remains inconsistent. Traffickers often operate without fear of punishment. The illegal wildlife trade thrives due to corruption, limited resources, and growing online markets. Pony’s story is a stark reminder of the suffering caused by the illegal wildlife trade. Stricter enforcement, community education, and international cooperation are crucial to protecting orangutans and ensuring their survival. References : Species+ Publications Office Gorilla beringei (Eastern Gorilla) Gorilla gorilla (Western Gorilla) Pan paniscus (Bonobo) Pan troglodytes (Chimpanzee) Pongo pygmaeus ssp. pygmaeus (Northwest Bornean Orangutan) Pongo pygmaeus ssp. wurmbii (Southwest Bornean Orangutan) Pongo pygmaeus ssp. morio (Northeast Bornean Orangutan) Pongo abelii (Sumatran Orangutan) Pongo pygmaeus (Bornean Orangutan) Pongo tapanuliensis (Tapanuli Orangutan) cms_cop13_ca.13.1_e.pdf cms_ga_resolution_4.1_e.pdf cms_ga_mop4_meeting-report_e.pdf Resolution_2_1_Wildlife_Law_Enforcement_E Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance Nigeria National Report - MOP4.pdf govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-106publ551/html/PLAW-106publ551.htm Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State Sherman et al., 2022 ; Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns - ScienceDirect Stop orangutan skull trade - ANTARA News Inside the DRC’s great ape trade - Oxpeckers Horrifying tale of prostitute orangutan who was chained to a bed, shaved daily and forced to perform sex acts on men – The Sun | The Sun

Members Official partners of the OURANOS Project Map of our partners ABConservation France - Philippines Joined at 31/10/2023 Sumatra Ecoproject Indonesia Joined at 30/11/2023 Résilience Internationale France Joined at 21/12/2023 Palm Oil Detectives New Zealand Joined at 29/11/2024 Team ZAN Japan Joined at 23/12/2024

Fennec fox Vulpes zerda Localization Africa Threats Population U.I.C.N. : C.I.T.E.S: Trade Canada, United States: France: Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. India: Indonesia: Laos : Malaysia: Philippines : Vietnam : References : Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Reptiles and Amphibians Reptilia and Amphibia I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Localization World but Polar areas Threats Population Decreasing Trade Australia : Chekunov et al . (2024) highlight in their study the widespread international trade of Australian reptiles and amphibians, revealing concerning trends: Species in Trade: Over 160 Australian reptile species and 7 frog species are involved in the global pet trade. Popular species include central bearded dragons, ridgetail monitors, and barking geckos. Online Trade: Reptiles dominate online markets, with the central bearded dragon appearing on 142 websites. Social media plays a significant role in trading rare species. Smuggling and Seizures: Smuggling incidents often involve shinglebacks, central bearded dragons, and Gidgee skinks. Germany and China are common destinations for illegally traded species. CITES Protections: More than half of the traded species are listed under CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species), protecting them against illegal trade. Many species were added to CITES protections as recently as 2022. Trade Hotspots: The U.S. and Germany are key players, with Germany being a major exporter and target for smugglers. Central bearded dragons are the most widely traded species globally. Concerns: Wildlife trade impacts native populations, threatens species with extinction, and fosters cruel smuggling practices. This research underscores the need for stricter regulations and enforcement to protect Australia's unique biodiversity. France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. References : Chekunov et al. (2024) - Scale of unregulated international trade in Australian reptiles and amphibians - The Society for Conservation Biology Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Binturong Arctictis binturong ⒸEmmanuel Baril Localization South-Eastern Asia Threats Urbanization Cultures, Agriculture Planting wood and pulp Logging Hunting for fur and human food Pet trade Traditional medicine Population Decreasing U.I.C.N. : V.U. - Vulnérable C.I.T.E.S : Appendix III (12/04/2001) - sale possible with permit or certificate appropriate to the legislation EU Wildlife Trade Regulations: Appendix C in India (under discussion for Indonesia) - species listed in CITES Appendix III, unless EU Member States have expressed a reservation Trade Canada, United States : In most states in the United States as well as Canada and many Western countries, it is illegal to keep binturongs as pets. States like California have the strictest laws and ban these animals altogether. However, there are also states in which the possession of exotic animals is not regulated at all and others may apply for a permit. As binturongs are listed as vulnerable by the IUCN, their trade and import are prohibited. So, while it's probably legal to own in some states, legal issues can arise in addition to ethical concerns among other domestic issues, with a binturong as a pet. France : Any animal not included in the list of domestic animals set by ministerial decree is a wild animal. The binturong is not on this list. For animals coming from a country other than France, the marking must be carried out within eight days of arrival at the place of detention. However, this provision does not apply to animals whose stay in France does not exceed three months, provided that they are marked in accordance with the provisions of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora known as CITES. For zoological parks, certificate(s) of capacity and opening authorization(s) are required for captivity. Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. India : The Management Authority of India informed the Secretariat that the Government of India has banned the export for commercial purposes of all wild specimens of species listed in CITES Appendices I, II and III, with the exception of certain plant foods. Indonesia : Binturongs are a protected species in Indonesia under the Act of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 1990 Concerning Conservation of Living Resources and their Ecosystems and Government Regulation No. 7 1999 Concerning the Preservation of Flora and Fauna . Ongoing negotiations regarding the establishment of the binturong in Annex C of the EU Wildlife Trade Regulations. In general, these laws prohibit commercial use of protected species including catching, hunting, injuring, killing, keeping, possessing, transporting or trading whether alive or dead. Commercial trade is however permissible for second generation captive-bred individuals by facilities that have been approved by the government. According to the law and Gomez L. & Shepherd C. (2024), illegal possession of a protected species incurs a penalty of up to five years in prison and a fine of IDR100mil (~ USD6,350). Based on seizure data analysis, most penalties meted out were low i.e., below 1 year imprisonment and fines of less than IDR5mil (~ USD318). Binturongs are also found in the exotic pet trade, especially in East Kalimantan. According to Arifianto I. et al. (2022), the owners of CV Bumi Makmur binturongs are sold domestically (across the country) and internationally (e.g., Italy, Japan, Germany, USA, Ukraine, Russia and others) and a single binturong can reach IDR45 mil (~ USD2800) in the international market. Moreover, it is mainly from Indonesia that the sale of "kopi luwak" ("civet coffee"), generated by the excrement of civets, but also of binturongs on the island of Sumatra, is recorded. Internet : In Gomez and Shepherd's study, there were at least 594 advertisements for binturongs observed during the survey period (1 July 2023 to 1 October 2023). The majority of these were found on Facebook (97.6%), and to a much lesser extent, on TikTok (2.2%) and one on Instagram. Japan : Binturongs are found in specific cafés, where people can feed and touch them. Laos : Suspension of trade in specimens of CITES-listed species with the Lao People's Democratic Republic, in line with the recommendations of the Standing Committee. Recommendation maintained until further notice. Malaysia : Civets (Viverridae), including binturongs, are traded for their meat throughout Peninsular Malaysia. Philippines : The commercial export of wild-caught wildlife specimens is prohibited. Only specimens bred in captivity by breeders licensed and registered by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) can be exported. Vietnam : In Vietnam, there are some recent reports of this species being kept as pets or as show animals in hotels, and the species is also traded for wild meat and traditional medicine markets, for which a wide range of animal species are hunted. Read the article Did you find a binturong for sale ? France 57 rue Cuvier MNHN CP31 75005 Paris, France Philippines 88 Paduga Road, Barangay santa Monica Puerto Princesa City 5300 Palawan, Philippines Country Selling on the internet Thank you for you message Send ABConservation : contact@abconservation.org Website : ABConservation - The NGO dedicated to the Binturong OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com ABConservation OURANOS Project References : Arctictis binturong (Binturong) (iucnredlist.org) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2018/031 CONCERNING: INDIA Geneva, 26 March 2018 Ban on trade in wild fauna and flora, except certain specimens of Dalbergia latifolia and Dalbergia sissoo (E-Notif-2018-031.pdf (cites.org) ) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2010/038 CONCERNING: 1. 2. This Notification is being distributed at the request of the Philippines. Geneva, 29 November 2010 PHILIPPINES Prohibition of trade in CITES specimens (E038.pdf (cites.org) ) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2016/011 CONCERNING: Geneva, 11 February 2016 LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2015/013 CONCERNING: LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Recommendation to suspend trade Geneva, 19 March 2015 (E-Notif-2015-013_0.pdf (cites.org) ) COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2023/966 of 15 May 2023 amending Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 to reflect the amendments adopted at the 19th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32023R0966 ) 90TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA1 10 JUNE 2020 ONLINE MEETING SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS (90_summary_SRG.pdf (europa.eu) ) Arrêté du 11 août 2006 fixant la liste des espèces, races ou variétés d'animaux domestiques - Légifrance (legifrance.gouv.fr) ) Arrêté du 8 octobre 2018 fixant les règles générales de détention d'animaux d'espèces non domestiques - Légifrance (legifrance.gouv.fr) Les Annexes I, II et III de la CITES | CITES Commerce d’espèces sauvages (europa.eu) Lalita Gomez & Chris R. Shepherd, "The illegal trade of binturongs in Indonesia (arctictis binturong)", Discover Animals , Volume 1, article number 27 Can You Own A Pet Binturong? Everything You Should Know! (koalapets.com) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Documents Founding documents of the OURANOS Project The Projet Original presentation of the OURANOS anti-poaching project, 18/01/2023 Organigram Organigram of the OURANOS anti-poaching project Poster Poster presented at HERA Awards, carried out by Maria-Giulia DRUART, with the help of Alexandre PINNA, 08/04/2023 Poster Partners Projet OURANOS sumed up to the partners ABConservation and SUMECO Date : 04/12/2023 OURANOS through the World Map of the partners of OURANOS Project - Update : 31/12/2024 Message to the President of the French Republic (French) Date : 21/05/2021 Message to the President of the European Parliament Date : 15/04/2022

Monkeys Platyrrhini I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct DD : Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Spider-monkeys U.I.C.N. : Red-faced Black Spider Monkey (Ateles paniscus ) : VU - Vulnerable White-bellied Spider Monkey (Ateles belzebuth ) : E.N. - Endangered Black Spider Monkey (Ateles chamek ) : E.N. - Endangered Brown-headed Spider Monkey (Ateles fusciceps ) : E.N. - Endangered Variegated Spider Monkey (Ateles hybridus ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered Central American Spider Monkey (Ateles geoffroyi ) : E.N. - Endangered White-whiskered Spider Monkey (Ateles marginatus ) : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Red-faced Black Spider Monkey (Ateles paniscus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) White-bellied Spider Monkey (Ateles belzebuth ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Black Spider Monkey (Ateles chamek ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Brown-headed Spider Monkey (Ateles fusciceps ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Variegated Spider Monkey (Ateles hybridus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Central American Spider Monkey (Ateles geoffroyi ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) White-whiskered Spider Monkey (Ateles marginatus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Red-faced Black Spider Monkey (Ateles paniscus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) White-bellied Spider Monkey (Ateles belzebuth ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Black Spider Monkey (Ateles chamek ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Brown-headed Spider Monkey (Ateles fusciceps ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Variegated Spider Monkey (Ateles hybridus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Central American Spider Monkey (Ateles geoffroyi ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Ateles geoffroyi ornatus : Appendix A (20/05/2023) Ateles geoffroyi frontatus : Appendix A (20/05/2023) White-whiskered Spider Monkey (Ateles marginatus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Lion Tamarins U.I.C.N. : Leontopithecus Black-faced Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus caissara ) : E.N. - Endangered Golden-headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas ) : E.N. - Endangered Black Lion Tamarin ( Leontopithecus chrysopygus ) : E.N. - Endangered Golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia ) : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Leontopithecus Black-faced Lion Tamarin ( Leontopithecus caissara ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Golden-headed Lion Tamarin ( Leontopithecus chrysomelas ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Black Lion Tamarin ( Leontopithecus chrysopygus ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Leontopithecus Leontopithecus sp. : Appendix A for the entire genus Leontopithecus (20/05/2023) Tamarins and related 1/2 U.I.C.N. : Oedipomidas Geoffroy’s Tamarin (Oedipomidas geoffroyi / formerly : Saguinus geoffroyi ) : N .T. - Near Threatened Silvery-brown Tamarin (Oedipomidas leucopus / formerly : Saguinus leucopus ) : VU - Vulnerable Cotton-headed Tamarin (Oedipomidas oedipus / formerly : Saguinus oedipus ) : C .R. - Critically Endangered Saguinus Pied Tamarin (Saguinus bicolor ) : C .R. - Critically Endangered Martin's Ochraceous Bare-face Tamarin (Saguinus martinsi ) : N .T. - Near Threatened Golden-handed Tamarin (Saguinus midas ) : L .C. - Least Concern Moustached Tamarin (Saguinus mystax ) : L .C. - Least Concern Black-handed Tamarin (Saguinus niger ) : VU - Vulnerable Saguinus ursulus : VU - Vulnerable Tamarinus Black-chinned Emperor Tamarin (Tamarinus imperator / formerly : Saguinus imperator imperator ) : L .C. - Least Concern Mottled-face Tamarin (Tamarinus inustus / formerly : Saguinus inustus ) : L .C. - Least Concern Red-chested Mustached Tamarin (Tamarinus labiatus / formerly : Saguinus labiatus ) : L .C. - Least Concern Bearded Emperor Tamarin (Tamarinus subgrisescens / formerly : Saguinus imperator subgrisescens ) : L .C. - Least Concern C.I.T.E.S. : Saguinus Pied Tamarin (Saguinus bicolor ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Martin's Ochraceous Bare-face Tamarin (Saguinus martinsi ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Golden-handed Tamarin ( Saguinus midas ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Moustached Tamarin ( Saguinus mystax ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Black-handed Tamarin ( Saguinus niger ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Saguinus ursulus : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Tamarinus : not indexed EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Saguinus Pied Tamarin ( Saguinus bicolor ) : Appendix A (20 /05 /2023 ) Martin's Ochraceous Bare-face Tamarin (Saguinus martinsi ) : Appendix A (20 /05 /2023 ) Golden-handed Tamarin ( Saguinus midas ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Moustached Tamarin ( Saguinus mystax ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Black-handed Tamarin ( Saguinus niger ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Saguinus ursulus : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Tamarins and related 2/2 U.I.C.N. : Callimico Goeldi’s Monkey (Callimico goeldii ) : VU - Vulnerable Leontocebus Cruz Lima’s Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus cruzlimai ) : L .C. - Least Concern Saddleback Tamarin ( Leontocebus fuscicollis ) : L .C. - Least Concern Lesson’s Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus fuscus ) : L .C. - Least Concern Illiger’s Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus illigeri ) : N .T. - Near Threatened Red-mantle Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus lagonotus ) : L.C. - Least Concern Andean Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus leucogenys ) : L .C. - Least Concern Black Mantle Tamarin (Leontocebus nigricollis ) : L .C. - Least Concern Geoffroy’s Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus nigrifrons ) : L .C. - Least Concern Golden-mantle Saddleback Tamarin (Leontocebus tripartitus ) : N .T. - Near Threatened Weddell’s Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus weddelli ) : L .C. - Least Concern C.I.T.E.S. : Callimico Goeldi’s Monkey (Callimico goeldii ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Leontocebus Cruz Lima’s Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus cruzlimai ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Red-mantle Saddle-back Tamarin ( Leontocebus fuscicollis ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Callimico Goeldi’s Monkey (Callimico goeldii ) : Appendix A (20 /05 /2023 ) Leontocebus Cruz Lima’s Saddle-back Tamarin (Leontocebus cruzlimai ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Red-mantle Saddle-back Tamarin ( Leontocebus fuscicollis ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Marmosets U.I.C.N. : Callithrix, Calibella and Mico Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset (Callithrix aurita ) : EN - Endangered Buffy-headed Marmoset ( Callithrix flaviceps ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered Geoffroy’s Tufted-ear Marmoset (Callithrix geoffroyi ) : L .C. - Least Concern Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus ) : L.C. - Least Concern Wied's Marmoset (Callithrix kuhlii ) : VU - Vulnerable Black-pencilled Marmoset (Callithrix penicillata ) : L .C. - Least Concern Silvery Marmoset (Callithrix argentata / Mico argentatus ) : L .C. - Least Concern Golden-white Tassel-ear Marmoset ( Mico chrysoleucos ) : L .C. - Least Concern Bla ck-crowned / Roosmalens' dwarf Marmoset ( Callibella /Mico humilis ) : L .C. - Least Concern Aripuanã Marmoset (Callithrix intermedia / Mico intermedius ) : L .C. - Least Concern Golden-white Bare-ear Marmoset (Callithrix / Mico leucippe ) : L .C. - Least Concern Black-tailed Marmoset ( Mico melanurus ) : N.T. - Near Threatened Black-headed Marmoset ( Callithrix / Mico nigriceps ) : N .T. - Near Threatened Sateré Marmoset ( Callithrix / Mico saterei ) : L.C. - Least Concern Cebuella Eastern Pygmy Marmoset (Cebuella niveiventris ) : VU - Vulnerable Northern Pygmy Marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea ) : VU - Vulnerable C.I.T.E.S. : Callithrix, Calibella and Mico Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset ( Callithrix aurita ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Buffy-headed Marmoset ( Callithrix flaviceps ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Geoffroy’s Tufted-ear Marmoset ( Callithrix geoffroyi ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Common Marmoset ( Callithrix jacchus ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Wied's Marmoset ( Callithrix kuhlii ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Black-pencilled Marmoset ( Callithrix penicillata ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Silvery Marmoset (Callithrix argentata / Mico argentatus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Golden-white Tassel-ear Marmoset ( Mico chrysoleucos ) : Not indexed Bla ck-crowned / Roosmalens' Dwarf Marmoset (Callibella /Mico humilis ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Aripuanã Marmoset (Callithrix intermedia / Mico intermedius ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Golden-white Bare-ear Marmoset (Callithrix / Mico leucippe ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Black-tailed Marmoset ( Mico melanurus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Black-headed Marmoset ( Callithrix / Mico nigriceps ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Sateré Marmoset ( Callithrix / Mico saterei ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Cebuella Eastern Pygmy Marmoset ( Cebuella niveiventris ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Northern Pygmy Marmoset ( Cebuella pygmaea ) : Appendix II (28/06/1979) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Callithrix, Calibella and Mico Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset ( Callithrix aurita ) : Appendix A (20/05/2023) Buffy-headed Marmoset ( Callithrix flaviceps ) : Appendix A (20/05/2023) Common Marmoset (Callithrix jacchus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Wied's Marmoset ( Callithrix kuhlii ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Black-pencilled Marmoset ( Callithrix penicillata ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Silvery Marmoset (Callithrix argentata / Mico argentatus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Golden-white Tassel-ear Marmoset ( Mico chrysoleucos ) : Not indexed Bla ck-crowned / Roosmalens' Dwarf Marmoset (Callibella /Mico humilis ) :: Appendix B (20/05/2023) Aripuanã Marmoset (Callithrix intermedia / Mico intermedius ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Golden-white Bare-ear Marmoset (Callithrix / Mico leucippe ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Black-tailed Marmoset ( Mico melanurus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Black-headed Marmoset ( Callithrix / Mico nigriceps ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Sateré Marmoset ( Callithrix / Mico saterei ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Cebuella Eastern Pygmy Marmoset ( Cebuella niveiventris ) : not indexed Northern Pygmy Marmoset ( Cebuella pygmaea ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Titi monkeys U.I.C.N. : Callicebus Black-fronted Titi Monkey (Callicebus nigrifrons ) : N.T. - Near Threatened Plecturocebus Chestnut-bellied Titi (Plecturocebus caligatus ) : L.C. - Least Concern Ashy Black Titi Monkey (Plecturocebus cinerascens ) : L .C. - Least Concern Coppery Titi Monkey (Plecturocebus cupreus ) : L .C. - Least Concern C.I.T.E.S. : Callicebus Black-fronted Titi Monkey (Callicebus nigrifrons ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Plecturocebus Chestnut-bellied Titi ( Plecturocebus caligatus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Ashy Black Titi Monkey ( Plecturocebus cinerascens ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Coppery Titi Monkey ( Plecturocebus cupreus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Callicebus Black-fronted Titi Monkey (Callicebus nigrifrons ) : Appendix A (20/05/2023) Plecturocebus Chestnut-bellied Titi ( Plecturocebus caligatus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Ashy Black Titi Monkey ( Plecturocebus cinerascens ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Coppery Titi Monkey ( Plecturocebus cupreus ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Wooley monkeys U.I.C.N. : Peruvian Yellow-tailed Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix / Oreonax flavicauda ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered Common Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha ) : VU - Vulnerable C.I.T.E.S. : Peruvian Yellow-tailed Woolly Monkey ( Lagothrix / Oreonax flavicauda ) : Appendix I (29/07/1983) Common Woolly Monkey ( Lagothrix lagothricha ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Peruvian Yellow-tailed Woolly Monkey ( Lagothrix / Oreonax flavicauda ) : Appendix A (20/05/2023) Common Woolly Monkey ( Lagothrix lagothricha ) : Appendix B (20/05/2023) Squirrel monkeys U.I.C.N. : Bolivian Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri boliviensis ) : L .C. - Least Concern Humboldt’s Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri cassiquiarensis ) : L .C. - Least Concern Collins' Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri collinsi ) : L .C. - Least Concern Guianan Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus ) : L .C. - Least Concern Black-crowned Central American Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri oerstedii ) : EN -Endangered Golden-backed Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri ustus ) : N .T. - Near Threatened Black Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri vanzolinii ) : EN -Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Bolivian Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri boliviensis ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Collins' Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri collinsi ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Guianan Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri sciureus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Black-crowned Central American Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri oerstedii ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Golden-backed Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri ustus ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) Black Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri vanzolinii ) : Appendix II (04/02/1977) EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Bolivian Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri boliviensis ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Collins' Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri collinsi ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Guianan Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri sciureus ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Black-crowned Central American Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri oerstedii ) : Appendix A (20 /05/2023 ) Golden-backed Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri ustus ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Black Squirrel Monkey ( Saimiri vanzolinii ) : Appendix B (20 /05 /2023 ) Localization Americas Threats Urbanization Extension of roads and railways Crops, Agriculture, Livestock Plantation for wood and pulp, deforestation Coal mining Fires and fire suppression Poaching Population Red-faced Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles paniscus ) : Decreasing White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : Decreasing Golden lion tamarin ( Leontopithecus rosalia ) : 1400, very fragmented, decreasing population Trade Golden lion tamarin ( Leontopithecus rosalia ) : Trade prohibited Belize : Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Bolivia : Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles chamek ) : 92ND MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (03/12/2020) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Brazil : Red-faced Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles paniscus ) : Official Journal of the European Union - COMMISSION REGULATION 2023/966 (15-05/2023) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles chamek ) 92ND MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (03/12/2020) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Common Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha ) 92ND MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (03/12/2020) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Colombia : White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Variegated Spider Monkey ( Ateles hybridus ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Brown-headed Spider Monkey ( Ateles fusciceps ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Common Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha ) SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (07/11/2016) Costa Rica : Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Ecuador : White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Brown-headed Spider Monkey ( Ateles fusciceps ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Common Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha ) SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) El Salvador : Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Guatemala : Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Guyana : Red-faced Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles paniscus ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Golden-handed Tamarin (Saguinus midas ) : Quota : 150 (2014) Guianan Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri sciureus ) Quota : 2200 (2024) Honduras : Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Mexico : Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Panama : Central American Spider Monkey ( Ateles geoffroyi ) : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2023/057 (05/05/2023) This measure to suspend the issuance of export permits has been extended to all wildlife specimens harvested from the wild (W) for commercial purposes (T), given that Panama is in the process of making non-detriment findings. In this regard, Panama urges all Parties to verify the validity or legality of permits by contacting the CITES Management Authorities of Panama, whose email addresses are listed on the CITES website. SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Brown-headed Spider Monkey ( Ateles fusciceps ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Brown-headed Spider Monkey ( Ateles fusciceps ) : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2023/057 (05/05/2023) This measure to suspend the issuance of export permits has been extended to all wildlife specimens harvested from the wild (W) for commercial purposes (T), given that Panama is in the process of making non-detriment findings. In this regard, Panama urges all Parties to verify the validity or legality of permits by contacting the CITES Management Authorities of Panama, whose email addresses are listed on the CITES website. Black-crowned Central American Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri oerstedii ) : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2023/057 (05/05/2023) This measure to suspend the issuance of export permits has been extended to all wildlife specimens harvested from the wild (W) for commercial purposes (T), given that Panama is in the process of making non-detriment findings. In this regard, Panama urges all Parties to verify the validity or legality of permits by contacting the CITES Management Authorities of Panama, whose email addresses are listed on the CITES website. Peru : White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles chamek ) : 92ND MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (03/12/2020) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) Common Woolly Monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha ) SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) Suriname : Red-faced Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles paniscus ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (07/11/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (03/12/2020) United Kingdom : Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs and Robbie Douglas-Miller OBE (05/03/2024) The UK has enacted a law banning the keeping of primates as pets, effective from April 6, 2026. This legislation introduces strict licensing requirements to ensure primates are kept in zoo-level welfare conditions. The move aims to protect up to 5,000 primates currently held in domestic settings, recognizing that these intelligent animals have complex social and welfare needs that are impossible to meet in typical homes. Key points include: A mandatory licensing scheme for private owners with stringent welfare standards. Non-compliance will result in unlimited fines or confiscation of the primate. Local authorities will enforce the law with guidance from the government (Defra). This law builds on the UK’s Action Plan for Animal Welfare, which has already delivered measures such as recognizing animal sentience, strengthening penalties for cruelty, and banning various harmful practices like glue traps and low-welfare animal tourism ads. The UK leads the G7 in animal protection efforts according to World Animal Protection's Index. United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. Venezuela : White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Variegated Spider Monkey ( Ateles hybridus ) : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 76 TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA (27/06/2016) EU decision : Scientific Review Group Referral ; W - Wild (27/06/2016) Références : Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance Keeping primates as pets banned - GOV.UK Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State Endcap_Wild_Pets_EU_Report_0812_Layout 1 Ateles paniscus (Red-faced Black Spider Monkey) Red-faced Black Spider Monkey ( Ateles paniscus ) : Species+ Publications Office 92_summary_SRG.pdf 77_summary_srg.pdf White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : Ateles belzebuth (White-bellied Spider Monkey) White-bellied Spider Monkey ( Ateles belzebuth ) : Species+ 76_summary_srg.pdf Ateles geoffroyi (Central American Spider Monkey) Species+ Notification to the Parties 2023 Publications Office Ateles hybridus (Variegated Spider Monkey) Species+ Ateles marginatus (White-whiskered Spider Monkey) Species+ Ateles fusciceps (Brown-headed Spider Monkey) Species+ Ateles chamek (Black Spider Monkey) Species+ 92_summary_SRG.pdf Leontopithecus rosalia (Golden Lion Tamarin) (iucnredlist.org) Species+ (speciesplus.net) Official Journal of the European Union Leontopithecus chrysopygus (Black Lion Tamarin) Species+ Publications Office Leontopithecus chrysomelas (Golden-headed Lion Tamarin) Species+ Leontopithecus caissara (Black-faced Lion Tamarin) Species+ Callithrix jacchus (Common Marmoset) Species+ Callithrix flaviceps (Buffy-headed Marmoset) Species+ Callithrix kuhlii (Wied's Marmoset) Species+ Callithrix geoffroyi (Geoffroy’s Tufted-ear Marmoset) Species+ Callithrix penicillata (Black-pencilled Marmoset) Species+ Callithrix aurita (Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset) Species+ Callibella humilis (Black-crowned Dwarf Marmoset) Species+ Cebuella niveiventris (Eastern Pygmy Marmoset) Cebuella pygmaea (Northern Pygmy Marmoset) Species+ Publications Office Callicebus nigrifrons (Black-fronted Titi Monkey) Species+ Plecturocebus caligatus (Chestnut-bellied Titi) Species+ Plecturocebus cinerascens (Ashy Black Titi Monkey) Species+ Plecturocebus cupreus (Coppery Titi Monkey) Species+ Mico argentatus Species+ Mico melanurus (Black-tailed Marmoset) Species+ Mico saterei (Sateré Marmoset) Species+ Mico leucippe (Golden-white Bare-ear Marmoset) Species+ Mico intermedius (Aripuanã Marmoset) Species+ Mico nigriceps (Black-headed Marmoset) Species+ Mico chrysoleucos (Golden-white Tassel-ear Marmoset) Saguinus bicolor (Pied Tamarin) Species+ Saguinus midas (Golden-handed Tamarin) Species+ Saguinus martinsi (Martin's Ochraceous Bare-face Tamarin) Species+ Saguinus ursulus Species+ Saguinus niger (Black-handed Tamarin) Species+ Saguinus mystax (Moustached Tamarin) Species+ Callimico goeldii (Goeldi’s Monkey) Species+ Leontocebus nigricollis (Black Mantle Tamarin) Leontocebus tripartitus (Golden-mantle Saddleback Tamarin) Tamarinus subgrisescens (Bearded Emperor Tamarin) Tamarinus imperator (Black-chinned Emperor Tamarin) Tamarinus labiatus (Red-chested Mustached Tamarin) Tamarinus inustus (Mottled-face Tamarin) Oedipomidas leucopus (Silvery-brown Tamarin) Oedipomidas oedipus (Cotton-headed Tamarin) Oedipomidas geoffroyi (Geoffroy’s Tamarin) Leontocebus cruzlimai (Cruz Lima’s Saddle-back Tamarin) Species+ Leontocebus lagonotus (Red-mantle Saddle-back Tamarin) Leontocebus fuscicollis (Saddleback Tamarin) Species+ Leontocebus fuscus (Lesson’s Saddle-back Tamarin) Leontocebus leucogenys (Andean Saddle-back Tamarin) Leontocebus illigeri (Illiger’s Saddle-back Tamarin) Leontocebus weddelli (Weddell’s Saddle-back Tamarin) Lagothrix flavicauda (Peruvian Yellow-tailed Woolly Monkey) Species+ Lagothrix lagothricha (Common Woolly Monkey) Species+ Saimiri oerstedii (Black-crowned Central American Squirrel Monkey) Species+ Saimiri vanzolinii (Black Squirrel Monkey) Species+ Publications Office Saimiri sciureus (Guianan Squirrel Monkey) Species+ Publications Office Saimiri boliviensis (Bolivian Squirrel Monkey) Species+ Publications Office Saimiri ustus (Golden-backed Squirrel Monkey) Species+ Publications Office Saimiri collinsi (Collins' Squirrel Monkey) Species+