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Sugar glider Petaurus breviceps Localization Australia, Papoua Threats No major threat Agriculture Bushfire Hypocalcaemia (in captivity) Population Stable U.I.C.N. : L.C. - Least Concern C.I.T.E.S: No indexed Trade Australia : To ensure that gilders are not illegally removed from the wild and sold as pets, all breeders, distributors and owners would require permits outlining the glider's history and source location. Strict penalties for illegal activities should be enforced. In addition, wild populations would require constant monitoring to ensure the protection of the glider species. In Australia, sugar gliders can be kept in Victoria, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. However, they are not allowed to be kept as pets in Western Australia, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Queensland or Tasmania. DNA analysis indicates that "the USA (sugar) glider population originates from West Papua, Indonesia with no illegal harvesting from other native areas such as Papua New Guinea or Australia".Given that the West Papuan gliders have been tentatively classified as Krefft's gliders (albeit to be changed in the future), this indicates that at least the captive gliders kept in the United States are Krefft's gliders, not sugar gliders. United States : Campbell et al . (2019), have provided evidence to support anecdotal reports from commercial websites offering the sale of sugar gliders that the source of the USA population of sugar gliders is West Papua, Indonesia. In our sampling, we found no evidence of illegal trade from other parts for the sugar glider native range but we cannot discount the possibility that animals are taken from other parts of Indonesia or Papua New Guinea and traded from Sorong. The scope of our inference is limited due to sparse sampling of West Papua, surrounding islands and the voluntary nature of tissue donation from USA pet owners. More extensive sampling of wild sugar gliders, animals bred in captive breeding facilities in West Papua and privately owned sugar gliders in the USA along with detailed pedigree information from breeders in the USA would be required to fully understand the importation history (Hogg et al., 2018 ). We established that despite being founded very recently (less than 30 years ago), the USA population is significantly more diverse than other introduced but older populations in Australia (Campbell et al., 2018 ). This implies multiple recent introductions and/or gene flow between Indonesia and the USA (Dawnay et al., 2008 ; Ogden & Linacre, 2015 ), and suggests that there is sufficient diversity within the USA population to avoid negative consequences of inbreeding if pedigrees are carefully managed. Ongoing importation of sugar gliders from legal avenues would allow US breeders to actively manage genetic diversity in the captive USA population, while allowing Indonesian wildlife traders the opportunity to benefit from their natural resources. For the specific purpose of preventing inbreeding in the USA an appropriately managed wild harvest of sugar gliders from West Papua, Indonesia, could continue with sufficient regulation of wildlife trade and if sustainable wildlife harvest quotas are enforced (Nijman, 2010 ; Janssen & Chng, 2018 ). Initiatives to achieve this could include, stricter licensing and registration for exporters, minimum mandatory reporting standards for captive breeding facilities and monitoring of selected wildlife trade hubs (Nijman, 2010 ). References : Petaurus breviceps (Sugar Glider) Wayback Machine The origin of exotic pet sugar gliders (Petaurus breviceps) kept in the United States of America [PeerJ] Sugar glider - Wikipedia (utiliser d'autres sources)

IDENTIFICATION SHEETS Know better, save better Here you will find the identification sheets needed to determine if the species listed on the offer you found is indeed an endangered species. If this is the case (IUCN from VU to EW, or even EX and CITES Appendix I), copy the offer link or take a screenshot before sending it to the corresponding expert (see below the sheets). Mammalia - Bovidae Hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus ) Herbivore Sahel, East Africa, South Africa IUCN: L.C. - not threatened C.I.T.E.S.: not reported Did you know? There are 8 subspecies, including one living in North Africa and the Near East, extinct in 1925. Some scientists believe that some of them are separate species. Mammalia - Primate Sunda slow loris (Nycticebus cougang ) Insectivore Southeast Asia IUCN: EN - ENDANGERED CITES: Appendix I Did you know? Many people want it as a pet because of the videos on the Internet, but it secretes a toxic substance that has already caused medical complications. Mammalia - Chiroptera Bats (Chiroptera) Insectivore/ Frugivore/ Piscivore/ Hematophage according to taxa Worldwide except at the Poles I.U.C.N.: according to species C.I.T.E.S.: often not reported Did you know? Many species of bats are threatened, in particular, tropical bats (e.g. Otomops formosus), for sale on the Internet. Some scientists have sounded the alarm to stem this scourge. Mammalia - Equidae Zebra (Equus zebra, E. quagga , E. grevyi ) Herbivore Eastern and Southern Africa I.U.C.N. : E. zebra : V.U. - VULNERABLE E. quagga : N.T. - Near-threatened E. grevyi : E.N. - ENDANGERED C.I.T.E.S. : E. zebra : Appendix II E. quagga : not reported E. grevyi : Appendix I Did you know? Each stripe pattern is unique. Reptiles - Chelonia Green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas ) Carnivore (until juvenile stage and occasionally)/ Herbivore (adult) Oceans (except Poles) I.U.C.N.: EN - ENDANGERED C.I.T.E.S.: Appendix I Did you know? They lay their eggs on the beaches where they were born. Fish - Chondrichthyes Dusky shark (Carcharhinus obscurus ) Carnivore/Piscivore/Scavenger Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans I.U.C.N.: EN - ENDANGERED C.I.T.E.S.: not reported Did you know? It can be confused with the bull shark and has large green-yellow eyes. Echinodermata Pineapple sea cucumber (Thelenota ananas ) Filter feeder Indian and Pacific Oceans, Southeast Asia, Red Sea IUCN: EN - ENDANGERED CITES: Appendix II Did you know? This species is eaten, especially in Southeast Asia, where it is called "trepang" or "prickly redfish". 6 other species are threatened with extinction and many look like droppings. Arthropoda - Insecta Wallace's giant bee (Megachile pluto ) Phytophagous (tree resin) Indonesia I.U.C.N.: VU - VULNERABLE C.I.T.E.S.: not reported Did you know? It was rediscovered by a sale on the Internet. This bee is at the origin of the OURANOS program. Photograph : Naturalis Biodiversity Center — bioportal.naturalis.nl Megachile pluto (adult, frontal view) : Preserved specimen number RMNH.INS.108875 from Naturalis Biodiversity Center - Zoology and Geology catalogues (nl) collected in North-West Obi Moluccas on 1953-10-19 by Wegner, A. File:Megachile pluto - frontal view - Naturalis Biodiversity Center (1953).jpg Date de création : 16 mars 2018

OUR CAMPAIGNS Mykolaev zoo campaign 13/11/2022 - 15/12/2022 Coalition for pets in Kharkiv (part) 12/02/2023 - 23/04/2023 (credit : Résilience Internationale ) Sterilisation campaign for cats (part) 17/02/2023 - 06/03/2023 (credit : Woof Division Charitable Fondation ) Sudan Animal Rescue campaign 23/04/2023 - 02/11/2023 (credit : Sudan animal rescue ) Bats and CITES status campaign 28/06/2024 - 04/07/2024 Indi Raja operation 20/08/2024 - ... Moo Deng campaign 20 /09/2024 - 29/09/2024 Faa Sai - Phu Jan operation 06/10/2024 - 24/10/2024 Boycott for sturgeons 20/12/2024 - 06/01/2025

WELCOME ON THE OURANOS PROJECT ! Uniti per Naturam I found an awkward offer : is it poaching / trafficking ? Lire la vidéo Partager Chaîne entière Cette vidéo Facebook Twitter Pinterest Tumblr Copiez le lien Lien copié Rechercher une vidéo... Lecture en cours Enfin ! Le Projet OURANOS révélé ! 02:35 Lire la vidéo Lecture en cours Logo et symbolique - OURANOS Anti-Poaching Project 01:32 Lire la vidéo Lecture en cours OURANOS Anti-Poaching Project - Présentation 00:32 Lire la vidéo CONTACT Liège, Belgium ouranosproject2023@gmail.com Ouranos project (@OuranosProject) / Twitter OURANOS Anti-Poaching Project - YouTube @ouranos524 Name E-mail Object Message Send Thank you for your message ! Subscribe Form Join Thanks for subscribing!

Team ZAN チーム・ザン OURANOS partner's hosting Original website : Dugong Survey Team Giang at the Northern Limit Facebook The Okinawan dugong, the Northernmost population of this gentle marine mammal, is critically endangered, with only a few dozen left. Once abundant in Okinawa's waters, their numbers have drastically declined. To help protect them and their habitat, the dugong research team, ZAN studies bite marks on seagrass to gather crucial data for their conservation. 温和な海洋哺乳類の最も北に生息する沖縄のジュゴンは、絶滅の危機に瀕しており、わずか数十頭しか残っていません。かつては沖縄の海域にたくさん生息していましたが、その数は急激に減少しています。ジュゴンとその生息地を保護するために、ジュゴン研究チーム ザン は海草の噛み跡を調査し、保護のための重要なデータを収集しています。 Team ZAN : Who are we ? チーム・ザン : 私たちは誰ですか？ Mission and methods ミッションと方法 Okinawa dugong : Research and results 沖縄のジュゴン：研究と結果 News ニュース Series : The Role of Humans (not available) 人間の役割 (利用不可)

Organisations and Institutions I. U. C.N. I.U.C.N. Red List C.I.T.E.S INTERPOL I.C.C.W.C. O.M.D. UNODC

OUR MASCOTS Sakura KIMURA My story Mystery Hao Mihn KIM My story Dare to defy me, comrade !

Rhone streber Zingel asper Apron du Rhône - équipe de la réserve , Jean-Bernard Catella Localisation Rhone Basin, France, Switzerland Threats Water pollution Dams and water uses Droughts Population Decreasing I.U.C.N. : C .R. - Critically endangered C.I.T.E.S : not indexed Trade France : Article L436-9 of the Environmental Code The administrative authority responsible for freshwater fisheries (DDT) may authorise the capture, transport or sale of fish at any time, for health, scientific and ecological purposes, in particular to enable them to be rescued, counted, reproduced, to promote restocking and to remedy biological imbalances: under national legislation, its transport and release only require a "fishing" permit under - Article L436-9 of the Environmental Code, instructed by the DDT in charge of freshwater fishing - the transposition into French law of international and European obligations remains very incomplete for this species (unlike, in particular, the European sturgeon) References : PNA-Apron-du-Rhone.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) Zingel asper (iucnredlist.org) Article L436-9 - Code de l'environnement - Légifrance

Pygmy hippopotamus Choeropsis / Hexaprotodon liberiensis PublicDomainPictures Localization Western Africa Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone Extinct in Nigeria Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Mining and quarrying Hunting and trapping terrestrial animals Logging and wood harvesting War Civil unrest Military exercises Population Decreasing populations, fragmented, 2000 to 2499 individuals I.U.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Appendix II Trade Opportunistical bushmeat and commercial hunting. European Union : Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/966 of 15 May 2023 Pygmy hippopotamus (Hexaprotodon liberiensis ) listed at the Annex B (Appendix II) : The Appendix II includes species not necessarily threatened with extinction, but in which trade must be controlled to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival. Annex A includes: All CITES Appendix I species, except where EU Member States have entered a reservation Some CITES Appendix II and III species, for which the EU has adopted stricter domestic measures Some non-CITES species Annex B includes: All other CITES Appendix II species, except where EU Member States have entered a reservation Some CITES Appendix III species Some non-CITES species France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Guinea : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2023/128 CONCERNING: Geneva, 23 November 2023 APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN GUINEA All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Liberia : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2018/012 CONCERNING: LIBERIA Geneva, 22 January 2018 Maintenance of a recommendation to suspend trade All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Nigeria : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA1 7 NOVEMBER 2016 No opinion for import of specimens of the following species / countries combinations All applications to be referred to SRG: The species is not currently (or is only rarely) in trade, but significant trade in relation to the conservation status of the species could be anticipated. References : Choeropsis liberiensis (Pygmy Hippopotamus) (iucnredlist.org) (included Dufour. 2002. Premier recensement des activités cynégétiques en Forêt Classée de Diécké. MAE / DNEF - CFZ / PGRR.) Letter template (cites.org) Notification to the Parties No. 2017/ (cites.org) Publications Office (europa.eu) Wildlife trade - European Commission (europa.eu) 77_summary_srg.pdf (europa.eu) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance Read the article

Bonelli's eagle Aquila fasciata Tomáš Bělka Localization Mediterranean periphery, arabic peninsula, middle, Southern and South-East Asia Threats Hunt and persecution Intoxication Collisions (power lines, aeolian and photovoltaic parks, road traffic) Nest sites troubling Habitat degradation Electrocution Poaching Agriculture Prays decreasing Petting/shows Trichomonosis Population Between 20 000 and 49 999 matures individuals, populations not split, decreasing I.U.C.N. status : Global : L.C. - Low Concern France : E .N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Appendix II (03/03/1973) Rule n°338/97 of the European Council : Annex A (09/12/1996) Trade France : Journal Officiel de la République Française (JORF) du 17/09/1978 Last update JORF of the 22/03/1996 Mentionned as vulnerable species with strictly forbidden trade. Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. References : PNA_Aigle-de-Bonelli_2014-2023.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) Aquila fasciata (Aigle de Bonelli) (iucnredlist.org) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Lion Panthera leo Localization Africa and India Threats Housing and urban areas Annual and perennial non-timber crops Livestock farming and ranching Hunting and trapping terrestrial animals Logging and wood harvesting War, civil unrest and military exercises Agricultural and forestry effluents Population : Stable (populations of India) Decreasing (General) U.I.C.N. : EN - Endangered (populations of India - Panthera leo persica ) VU - Vulnerable (General - Panthera leo ) C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : populations of India (26/11/2019) Appendix II : African populations EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Annex A (20/05/2023) : Only the populations of India Annex B (20/05/2023) : all the populations of Africa Trade Afghanistan : (17/05/2013) All exports are suspended. Angola : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Australia : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (19 /03 /2018 ) Australia implements stricter domestic measures that treat African lions (Panthera leo ), African elephants (Loxodonta africana ) and all whales and dolphins (Cetacea) as though they are listed on Appendix I to CITES. Under Australian legislation, imports and exports of Appendix I species can only occur if the specimen: was obtained prior to the first listing of the species on CITES – i.e. a ‘pre-Convention’ specimen (non-live specimens only); – is traded as part of a non-commercial exchange of scientific specimens between registered institutions (non-live specimens only) is traded for research purposes (live and non-live specimens) is traded for education purposes (live and non-live specimens) is traded for exhibition purposes (non-live specimens only) is traded as part of a Cooperative Conservation Program (for live specimens only). Australia does not permit personal imports or exports of species listed on Appendix I to CITES, including hunting trophies, unless they are demonstrated to be pre-Convention specimens and are accompanied by relevant pre-Convention certificates. Australia does not recognise personal and household effects exemptions for Appendix I specimens. Australia requires import permits for trade in species listed on Appendix II to CITES, except for items covered by personal and household effects exemptions. We would appreciate your assistance in alerting exporters sending goods to Australia, commercially and/or via post, that they are required to obtain an import permit from Australia. Benin : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (19/09/2014) : Negative (Wild) Botswana : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (03/09/2014) : No decision taken (wild) Burkina Faso : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (09/04/2015) : Negative (Wild) Cameroon : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (09/04/2015) : Negative (Wild) Central African Republic : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (13/09/2022) : Negative (Wild) Chad : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Côte d'Ivoire : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Democratic Republic of Congo : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Djibouti : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (30/01/2018) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Eswatini : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Ethiopia : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (02/01/2024) : Suspension (Wild) European Union : Official Journal of the European Union - COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) 2023/966 of 15 May 2023 (20/05/2023) Annex A (20/05/2023) : Only the populations of India Annex B (20/05/2023) : all the populations of Africa For African populations: a zero annual export quota is established for specimens of bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Annual export quotas for trade in bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth for commercial purposes, derived from captive breeding operations in South Africa, will be established and communicated annually to the CITES Secretariat. France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Ghana : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Guinea : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (23/11/2023) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Guinea Bissau : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Kenya : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. India : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (26/03/2018) [Stricter domestic measures] The Government of India has banned the export for commercial purposes of all wild-taken specimens of species included in Appendices I, II and III, except cultivated varieties of plant species included in Appendices I and II. Israel : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (13/08/2019) [Stricter domestic measures] The import of potentially invasive animals, wildlife for circus activities, poisonous animals or plants except under rare circumstances, and wild-sourced specimens of CITES-listed species for commercial purposes; and the export of native wildlife (exceptions may be made inter alia for scientific or educational purposes). Libya : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (10/01/2024) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Malawi : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Mali : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Mozambique : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (19/09/2023) : Negative - Wild, including hunting trophies, for all populations except from the Niassa reserve (including the Chipanje Chetu community conservation area). Namibia : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/06/2012) : Positive (Wild) Niger : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Nigeria : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Senegal : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Somalia : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (12/01/2024) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. South Africa : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (24/05/2023) : Positive (Wild) South Sudan : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/06/2012) : Scientific Review Group Referral (Wild) Sudan : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/06/2012) : Scientific Review Group Referral (Wild) Togo : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. Tanzania : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/11/2016) : Positive (Wild, including hunting trophies) Uganda : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. United States : H.R. 263, the “Big Cat Public Safety Act,” which amends the Lacy Act (20/12/2022) The act revises the Lacey Act to impose stricter regulations on the trade, possession, breeding, and exhibition of big cats (lion, tiger, leopard, cheetah, jaguar, cougar, or hybrids). Key Provisions: Prohibited Activities: Importing, exporting, buying, selling, transporting, acquiring, possessing, or breeding big cats are prohibited unless exempt. Breeding Defined: Includes intentional or negligent propagation or failing to prevent reproduction. Exemptions: Entities like universities and wildlife sanctuaries may be exempt. Facilities with Class C licenses under the Animal Welfare Act can exhibit big cats if direct contact with the public is prohibited (with exceptions for professionals or conservation-related activities). Grandfather Clause: Owners may keep big cats born before the law's enactment but must register them with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Penalties: Violators face fines up to $20,000, imprisonment for up to five years, or both. Each violation is treated as a separate offense. Forfeiture: Big cats bred or possessed in violation of the law are subject to forfeiture. Implementation: The Department of the Interior will issue regulations to enforce the act. This legislation aims to enhance the conservation of big cats, prioritize public safety, and reduce illegal trade. Rules through the United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. Zambia : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (07/03/2016) : Positive (Wild, including hunting trophies) Zimbabwe : Conference of the Parties Quota (2024) : 0 Bones, bone pieces, bone products, claws, skeletons, skulls and teeth removed from the wild and traded for commercial purposes. EU DECISIONS (12/12/2023) : In consultation (Wild) References : Species+ Panthera leo Asiatic subpopulation (Asiatic Lion) Panthera leo (Lion) Bills Signed: H.R. 263, H.R. 1193, H.R. 5796, H.R. 7077, S. 198, S. 231, S. 1617, S. 2796, S. 3092, S. 3115, S. 3499, S. 3662, S. 3875 | The White House Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State H.R.263 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): Big Cat Public Safety Act | Congress.gov | Library of Congress Notification to the Parties 2022 Notification to the Parties 2024 Letter template-NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES Notification to the Parties No. 2019/ Notification to the Parties No. 2019/035 Notification to the Parties No. 2018/031 Notification to the Parties No. 2018/025 Notification to the Parties No. 2018/015 Notification to the Parties Publications Office Publications Office 69_summary_srg rev.pdf Microsoft Word - SRG 98 short SOC_v3 final rev 30.01.24 71_summary_srg.pdf 15597 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/2770 of 12 December 2023 prohibiting the introduction into the Union of specimens of certain species of wild fauna and flora in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein Microsoft Word - SRG 98 short SOC_v3 final rev 30.01.24 89_summary_SRG.pdf DRAFT 16122 77_summary_srg.pdf 75_summary_srg.pdf Microsoft Word - SRG 99 short SOC_v3 30.01.2024 Microsoft Word - SRG 98 short SOC_v3 final rev 30.01.24 Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Okinawa dugong : Research and results 沖縄のジュゴン：研究と結果 23/12/2024 : English version / 英語版 : The dugong (Dugong dugon ) is a gentle marine mammal. The Okinawan dugong, which lives in the northernmost part of the island, is on the brink of extinction and only a small number of them remain. They used to live in large numbers in the waters around the Ryukyu Islands, but due to human factors, their numbers have dropped sharply. In order to protect dugongs and their habitat, the dugong research team Zan (which means dugong in Okinawan) has been investigating the bite marks on seaweed, which is their only food, and collecting important data for conservation. The dugong is a gentle marine mammal. The Okinawan dugong, which lives in the northernmost part of the island, is on the brink of extinction and only a small number of them remain. They used to live in large numbers in the waters around the Ryukyu Islands, but due to human factors, their numbers have dropped sharply. In order to protect dugongs and their habitat, the dugong research team Zan (which means dugong in Okinawan) has been investigating the bite marks on seaweed, which is their only food, and collecting important data for conservation. Of the three dugongs (individuals A, B, and C) that lived in the waters around Okinawa Island, two have disappeared, and we had to suspend our monitoring of the dugongs. However, we have found traces of the remaining young individual C migrating in search of new feeding grounds in the waters around Okinawa Island. We are working with the fishermen who continue to monitor the population (which we believe to be several) that still lives in Miyako Island, and are continuing to make every effort possible to ensure the survival of the local population in Okinawa. Japanese version / 日本語版 : 温和な海洋哺乳類ジュゴン ( Dugong dugon ) 。その最も北に生息する沖縄のジュゴンは、絶滅の危機に瀕しており、わずかな数しか生き残っていません。かつては琉球諸島周辺海域にたくさん生息していましたが、人為的な要因により、その数は急激に減少しています。ジュゴンとその生息地を保護するために、ジュゴン調査チーム ・ザン (沖縄の言葉でジュゴン)は彼らの唯一の餌である海草の噛み跡を調査し、保護のための重要なデータを収集して来ました。 沖縄島周辺海域に生息していた3頭(A個体、B個体、C個体)のジュゴンのうち、2頭が姿を消して、私たちのモニタリングしていたジュゴンの調査は中断せねばならなくなりました。 しかし、沖縄島周辺海域には残った若いC個体が新たな餌場を探し回遊している痕跡が確認されています。 私たちは今も宮古島に生息している個体群(数頭と考えている)のモニタリングを続ける海人と連携をとり、沖縄の地域個体群の存続に向けて、出来る限りの努力を続けています。 04/04/2024 : Fecal DNA analysis coupled with the sighting records re-expanded a known distribution of dugongs in Ryukyu Islands after half a century 糞便DNA分析と目撃記録を組み合わせることで、半世紀ぶりに琉球諸島におけるジュゴンの既知の分布範囲が再拡大した Hiroyuki Ozawa, Takahiro Yoshihama, Shogo Gishitomi, Natsuki Watanabe, Kotaro Ichikawa, Keiichi Sato, Kenta Watanabe, Katsuhiko Takano, Yosuke Ochiai, Hiroki Yamanaka, Atsushi Maruyama English version / 英語版 : DNA analysis of large herbivore feces samples collected from seagrass beds at two distant sites (Irabu Island in Miyako Islands and Kushi in Okinawa Island) in the Ryukyu Islands proved that some of these feces were from dugongs, which had been treated in recent studies as extinct in this region since the last stranding of a deceased individual in 2019. In addition, local knowledge of sightings of animals thought to be dugongs and confirmed cases of dugong feeding trails since 2010 were compiled to estimate its recent distribution. This is the first scientific report on the presence of this mammal in the Ryukyu Islands within the last four years, and particularly in the Miyako Islands within the last half-century. As the Ryukyu Islands are known to be the northern limit of the dugong’s fragmented distribution in East Asia, conservation efforts are therefore needed. Japanese version / 日本語版 : 琉球諸島の2か所の遠隔地（宮古諸島の伊良部島と沖縄島久志）の海草藻場から採取された大型草食動物の糞サンプルのDNA分析により、これらの糞の一部はジュゴンのものであることが判明した。ジュゴンは、2019年に最後に死んだ個体が座礁して以来、最近の研究ではこの地域では絶滅したとされていた。さらに、ジュゴンと思われる動物の目撃情報や、2010年以降のジュゴンの餌付け跡の確認事例に関する現地の知識をまとめ、最近の分布を推定した。これは、過去4年間の琉球諸島、特に過去半世紀での宮古諸島におけるこの哺乳類の存在に関する初の科学的報告である。琉球諸島は東アジアにおけるジュゴンの断片的な分布の北限であることが知られているため、保護活動が必要である。 Read the article / 記事を読む 12/04/2022 : Trajectory to local extinction of an isolated dugong population near Okinawa Island, Japan 日本の沖縄島付近の孤立したジュゴンの個体群の局所的絶滅への軌跡 Hajime Kayanne , Takeshi Hara , Nobuaki Arai , Hiroya Yamano , Hiroyuki Matsuda English version / 英語版 : A small animal population becomes extinct owing to demographic and environmental stochasticity after declining below the minimum viable population (MVP). However, the actual process of extinction derived by stochastic factors after crossing MVP has not been recorded for long-lived marine mammals. Here, we reconstructed the declining history of a small, isolated population of dugongs in Okinawa over 125 years. The initial population size of approximately 280–420 in the nineteenth century declined to approximately < 100 in 1917 because of overfishing, < 70 in 1979, 11 in 1997, 3 after 2006, and all known individuals disappeared or died by 2019. After 1979, a decline in the natural growth rate has led to extinction. Long-lived animals may persist for a few decades after the population falls below the MVP, at which time active conservation measures, such as captive breeding, should be implemented. Japanese version / 日本語版 : 小型動物の個体群は、最小生存個体群（MVP）を下回ると、人口動態および環境の確率論により絶滅する。しかし、長寿の海洋哺乳類の場合、MVPを超えた後に確率論的要因によって生じる実際の絶滅のプロセスは記録されていない。本研究では、沖縄に生息する孤立した小さな個体群の125年間にわたる減少の歴史を再現した。19世紀には約280～420頭であった当初の個体群は、乱獲により1917年には約100頭未満、1979年には70頭未満、1997年には11頭、2006年以降は3頭に減少し、2019年までに既知の個体はすべて姿を消すか死亡した。1979年以降は、自然成長率の低下が絶滅につながった。長寿命の動物は、個体数が MVP を下回った後も数十年間は生き残る可能性があり、その場合には飼育下繁殖などの積極的な保全対策を実施する必要があります。 Read the article / 記事を読む