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Direct sheets fishes Find, check and signal ! Cartilaginous fish OURANOS Project Bony fish Rhone streber Sturgeons

Pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus David Perez Localization Galemys pyrenaicus pyrenaicus : Pyrenees (France, Andorra and Spain) Galemys pyrenaicus rufulus : Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal) Threats Cultures, agriculture Fishing and Recreation Dams Invasive species Non-native diseases Land and water pollution Droughts Population Highly fragmented, declining populations I.U.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Not indexed Convention de Berne : Appendix II - Strictly Protected Wildlife Species Trade France : Article 1 of the Decree of 17 April 1981 Repealed by Decree of 23 April 2007 - article 8, intial version Amended by Order 2007-02-19 art. 1 JORF 19 April 2007 The destruction, alteration or degradation of the particular environment of mammals of the following non-domestic species, the destruction, mutilation, capture or removal, intentional disturbance, naturalization of individuals of these species or, whether living or dead, their transport, peddling, use or offering for sale, are prohibited throughout the national territory and at all times, selling or buying them: - Talpidae : Pyrenees desman (Galemys pyrenaicus ). Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. References : biodiversite.gouv.fr/projet-pna/wp-content/uploads/PNA_desman_des_pyrenees.pdf Galemys pyrenaicus (Desman pyrénéen) (iucnredlist.org) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Pygmy hippopotamus Choeropsis / Hexaprotodon liberiensis PublicDomainPictures Localization Western Africa Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone Extinct in Nigeria Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Mining and quarrying Hunting and trapping terrestrial animals Logging and wood harvesting War Civil unrest Military exercises Population Decreasing populations, fragmented, 2000 to 2499 individuals I.U.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Appendix II Trade Opportunistical bushmeat and commercial hunting. European Union : Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/966 of 15 May 2023 Pygmy hippopotamus (Hexaprotodon liberiensis ) listed at the Annex B (Appendix II) : The Appendix II includes species not necessarily threatened with extinction, but in which trade must be controlled to avoid utilization incompatible with their survival. Annex A includes: All CITES Appendix I species, except where EU Member States have entered a reservation Some CITES Appendix II and III species, for which the EU has adopted stricter domestic measures Some non-CITES species Annex B includes: All other CITES Appendix II species, except where EU Member States have entered a reservation Some CITES Appendix III species Some non-CITES species France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Guinea : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2023/128 CONCERNING: Geneva, 23 November 2023 APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN GUINEA All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Liberia : CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2018/012 CONCERNING: LIBERIA Geneva, 22 January 2018 Maintenance of a recommendation to suspend trade All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Nigeria : SHORT SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS OF THE 77TH MEETING OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW GROUP ON TRADE IN WILD FAUNA AND FLORA1 7 NOVEMBER 2016 No opinion for import of specimens of the following species / countries combinations All applications to be referred to SRG: The species is not currently (or is only rarely) in trade, but significant trade in relation to the conservation status of the species could be anticipated. References : Choeropsis liberiensis (Pygmy Hippopotamus) (iucnredlist.org) (included Dufour. 2002. Premier recensement des activités cynégétiques en Forêt Classée de Diécké. MAE / DNEF - CFZ / PGRR.) Letter template (cites.org) Notification to the Parties No. 2017/ (cites.org) Publications Office (europa.eu) Wildlife trade - European Commission (europa.eu) 77_summary_srg.pdf (europa.eu) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance Read the article

OUR CAMPAIGNS Mykolaev zoo campaign 13/11/2022 - 15/12/2022 Coalition for pets in Kharkiv (part) 12/02/2023 - 23/04/2023 (credit : Résilience Internationale ) Sterilisation campaign for cats (part) 17/02/2023 - 06/03/2023 (credit : Woof Division Charitable Fondation ) Sudan Animal Rescue campaign 23/04/2023 - 02/11/2023 (credit : Sudan animal rescue ) Bats and CITES status campaign 28/06/2024 - 04/07/2024 Indi Raja operation 20/08/2024 - ... Moo Deng campaign 20 /09/2024 - 29/09/2024 Faa Sai - Phu Jan operation 06/10/2024 - 24/10/2024 Boycott for sturgeons 20/12/2024 - 06/01/2025 Gooty Sapphire Tarantula campaign 30 /05/2025 - 18/06/2025 OURANOS Project Date OURANOS Project Dates

ABOUT US OURANOS detailed The OURANOS network aims to involve as many people as possible in participatory work between citizens, institutions and scientists ! Our story All started with a bee... In August 2021, the "Mahout", founder and current president of the project, was watching a video about animals on his mobile phone when he learned that representatives of the species "Wallace's giant bee" (Megachile pluto ), vulnerable and almost impossible to find in the wild, were for sale on eBay. From then on, the idea of a digital network project against online poaching emerged. Initially alone, the Mahout surrounded himself, from October 2022 to June 2023, with a crack team, as part of a mobilization organized by the Green Office of the University of Liège (Belgium). Chronology 08/2021 Idea for a project to denounce fraudulent offers on online sales platforms. Offers about endangered species are reported on the platforms directly but are not removed. Some letters to politicians are sent without any results. 05/07/2022 - 05/09/2022 13/11/2022 - 15/12/2022 The projet OURANOS supports the animals in Ukraine and facing isolated events. Idea of a network creation to convoy animals and help zoos in Ukraine. Beginning of an officious partnership with Résilience Internationale. Campaign to save animals from the Mykolaev Zoo with the support of La Tanière zoo and Résilience Internationale. According to the zoo, their animals didn't need any help, so, the operation ended. 11/01/2023 Official adoption of the name "OURANOS" for "OUR Alliance for kNOwledge and Species" by the original team. 18/01/2023 12/02/2023 - 23/04/2023 10/02/2023 The OURANOS Project is officially presented to the Green Office at the University of Liège. The OURANOS Project, via its founder, takes part in the support of a coalition led by Résilience Internationale, with the support of Vet4Cats/Vet4Ukraine to support the Woof Division Charitable Fondation in Kharkiv. Pool for pets and veterinary cares in Karkhiv. 14/02/2023 17/02/2023 - 06/03/2023 Creation of the Twitter account of the project (Ouranos project (@OuranosProject) / Twitter ). Part in the sterilisation campaign for cats in Ukraine, led by Vet4Ukraine, with the support of Résilience Internationale. 17/03/2023 23/04/2023 - 02/11/2023 Creation of the Youtube channel (OURANOS Anti-Poaching Project - YouTube ). Campaign to support the Sudan Animal Rescue, in Khartoum, supported by Résilience Internationale. The goal was transferring some animals to the Giza zoo, that supported the project to welcome small cats. The association Four Paws took the reins to transfer the animals to Al'Mawa center in Jordan. 07/10/2023 Triggering the concretization and clarification of OURANOS objectives. 28/06/2024 - 04/07/2024 06/07/2024 16/08/2024 Campaign on bats selling and CITES status. Breaking up of a Facebook account that sold rhinoceros horns. eBay removes all listings of Kerivoula picta and of most bats. Etsy updates the day before its policy on prohibited wildlife to include all bats. 20/08/2024 - ... "Indi Raja" operation. Campaign to stop the elephants use and abuse during the Kandy Esala Perahera in Kandy (Sri Lanka). 06/10/2024 - 24/10/2024 "Faa Sai" operation. Campaign to help the elephants and other animals (dogs and buffalos) from floods at the Elephant Nature Park in Chiang Mai 20/12/2024 - 06/01/2025 Boycott for sturgeons : campaign against the waste of eggs that could increase the effectives of sturgeons, almost all endangered, to protect them and inform people about their threats and means to save them. Our goal is to invite all Internet users to report poaching and fraudulent offers of endangered species on online sales sites and platforms to certified experts. The goal is not to harm these platforms, but to stop poaching and encourage decision-makers to take concrete measures to stem the scourge of online poaching and species trafficking, particularly on the black market. We also plan to eventually partner with scientific and (inter)national institutions, associations and decision-makers on these platforms to ensure general and concrete consistency in the fight against poaching and its causes. Our Goal How should OURANOS be used ? Search a website or online sales platform for any suspicious advert relating to the animal species being sold. Once the suspicious ad has been found, consult the identification sheets on this site (tab "Identification sheets" and "smart research"), in order to determine whether the species concerned is threatened or not. This step can be carried out automatically on certain sites concerned as soon as possible. Click on the “report” or "signal" tab on the site in question when it is present, before contacting the OURANOS Project. The OURANOS Project will highlight the offer on social networks and carry out events and rallyings focused on similar offers to get rid of them legally and/or on the websites itself When the suspicious offers are sent to the OURANOS Project, the partners on the field are contacted to save the living animals on the offers and carry them to a shelter, or at least to seize the dead ones The team Founder and President - active The Mahout @OuranosProject Original team - inactive E. ROLOS @OuranosProject Original te am - inactive L. ROUAULT @OuranosProject Original te am - inactive M. DEDEKEN @OuranosProject

OUR MASCOTS Sakura KIMURA My story Mystery Hao Mihn KIM My story Dare to defy me, comrade !

Parrots Psittaciformes Localization Africa, South and Central Americas, Oceania Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood plantations Selling as pets Population Decreasing U.I.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Trade European Union : 03/03/1997 : Official Journal of the European Communities PSITTACIFORMES spp.* ( II)-106 ( Parrots, etc. ) Psittacidae Annex A : Amazona arausiaca ( I ) ( Red-necked parrot) Amazona barbadensis ( I ) (Yellow-shouldered parrot) Amazona brasiliensis ( I ) ( Red-tailed parrot) Amazona guildingii ( I ) ( St Vincent parrot) Amazona imperialis ( I ) ( Imperial parrot) Amazona leucocephala ( I ) (Cuban parrot) Amazona pretrei ( I ) ( Red-spectacled parrot) Amazona rhodocorytha / Amazona dufresniana rhodocorytha ( I ) = ( Red-browed parrot) Amazona tucumana ( I ) (Tucuman parrot) Amazona versicolor ( I ) ( Saint Lucia parrot) Amazona vinacea ( I) (Vinaceous parrot) Amazona vittata ( I ) ( Puerto Rican parrot) Anodorhynchus spp. ( I ) ( Blue macaws) Ara ambigua ( I ) ( Great green macaw) Ara glaucogularis ( I ) (Blue-throated macaw) Ara macao ( I ) ( Scarlet macaw) Ara maracana (I (Blue-winged macaw) Ara militaris ( I ) ( Military macaw) Ara rubrogenys ( I ) (Red-fronted macaw) Aratinga guarouba ( I ) ( Golden parakeet) Cacatua goffini ( 1 ) (Tanimbar cockatoo) Cacatua haematuropygia (I) (Philippine cockatoo) Cacatua moluccensis ( I ) ( Salmon-crested cockatoo) Cyanopsitta spixii ( I ) ( Spix's macaw) Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi ( I ) (Catham Island yellow-fronted parakeet) Cyanoramphus cookii ( I ) / Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae cookii ( Norfolk parakeet) Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae ( I ) (Red-fronted parakeet) Cyclopsitta diophthalma coxeni ( I ) / Opopsitta diophtalma coxeni (Coxen's double-eyed fig parrot) Eos histrio ( I ) ( Red and blue lory) Geopsittacus occidentalis ( I ) / Pezoporus occidentalis (Night parrot) Neophema chrysogaster ( I ) ( Orange-bellied parrot) Ognorhychus icterotis ( I ) ( Yellow-eared parrot) Pezoporus wallicus ( I ) ( Ground parrot) Pionopsitta pileata ( I ) ( Pileated parrot) Probosciger aterrimus ( I ) ( Palm cockatoo) Psephotus chrysopterygius ( I ) ( Golden-shouldered parrot) Psephotus dissimilis ( I ) / Psephotus chrysopterygius ( Hooded parrot) Psephotus pulcherrimus p.e. ( I ) ( Paradise parrot) Psittacula echo ( I ) / Psittacula krameri echo ( Mauritius parakeet) Pyrrhura cruentata ( I ) ( Blue-throated parakeet) Rhynchopsitta spp. ( I ) (Thick-billed parrots) Strigops habroptilus ( I ) ( Kakapo ) Vini spp. ( II) ( Blue lorikeets) Annex C : Psittacula krameri ( III GH) ( Rose-ringed parakeet) Did you find a parrot for sale ? Indonesia Bukit Lawang, Bohorok North Sumatra, Indonesia Sumatra Ecoproject : info@sumeco.id Website : SUMECO (Sumatra Ecoproject) - Wildlife Conservation in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com Sumatra Ecoproject OURANOS Project References : eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:31997R0338 : Official Journal of the European Communities

Fennec fox Vulpes zerda Localization Africa Threats Population U.I.C.N. : C.I.T.E.S: Trade Canada, United States: France: Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. India: Indonesia: Laos : Malaysia: Philippines : Vietnam : References : Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Apes Hominidae I.U.C.N. : L.C. : Low Concern N.T. : Not Threatened VU : Vulnerable EN : Endangered CR : Critically Endangered EW : Extinct in the Wild EX : Extinct DD : Data Deficient C.I.T.E.S. : Appendix I : strictly forbidden trade (or allowed by special agreements) Appendix II : restricted trade Appendix III : allowed trade not indexed : no C.I.T.E.S. status Gorillas U.I.C.N. : Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered Western gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Chimpanzees U.I.C.N. : Bonobo (Pan paniscus ) : EN - Endangered Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ) : EN - Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Bonobo (Pan paniscus ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ) : Appendix I (04/02/1977) Orangutans U.I.C.N. : Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered (included the subsepecies : Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus , Pongo pygmaeus swurmbii and Pongo pygmaeus morio ) Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis ) : C.R. - Critically Endangered C.I.T.E.S. : Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis ) : Appendix I (01/07/1975) - Originally listed as Pongo abelii , from which Pongo tapanuliensis was split in 2023, following taxonomic changes adopted at CoP19. Localization Gorillas, bonobos : Central Africa Chimpanzee (out of bonobos) : Western and Central Africa Orangutans : South-East Asia Humans : World Threats Housing and urban areas Tourism and recreation areas Annual and perennial non-timber crops Mining and quarrying Roads and railroads Hunting and trapping terrestrial animals Logging Wood harvesting Fire and fire suppression Habitat shifting and alteration Bushmeat Traditional medicine Poaching and illegal life trade Diseases (i.e. Ebola, anthrax) Illegal pet trade Sexual trade Population Decreasing EU Wildlife Trade Regulations : Eastern gorilla (Gorilla beringei ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Bonobo (Pan paniscus ) Class A (20/05/2023) Chimpanzee : Pan troglodytes : Class A (20/05/2023) Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Borneo orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis ) : Class A (20/05/2023) Trade International : Frankfurt Declaration on Gorilla Conservation (10/06/2009) Urge range states to: Enforce existing laws banning the hunting and trading of gorillas, including strictly regulating the wider bushmeat trade, Establish zones available for legal, sustainable use of wildlife over which local communities have full ownership Create a network of effectively managed protected areas Develop and adhere to best practice guidelines on logging, mineral resource ex traction and agricultural production Raise awareness of the legal status and illegal exploitation of gorillas and other wildlife and take action in order to change public attitudes and consumer behaviour Promote research projects and implement systematic monitoring programmes aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of anti-poaching efforts and halting the illegal bushmeat trade Reduce bushmeat transportation options Develop alternative protein sources. Urge donor states, the international community including NGOs and the private sector to assist range states in implementing the above-mentioned points through the provision of financial and technical assistanc Call upon states to combat illegal trade through the confiscation of illegally held live gorillas and ensure their repatriation into sanctuaries, as appropriate, in their country of origin in cooperation with CITES. Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and their Habitats - UNEP/GA/Resolution 2.1 (26-27/11/2011) The Meeting of the Parties to the Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and their Habitat : Calls upon the Parties to submit to the INTERPOL General Secretariat, via their INTERPOL National Central Bureaux and using the Ecomessage system, information relating to the poaching of and illegal trade in gorillas. The resulting up-to-date and international database can lead to more efficient and targeted law enforcement activities Recommends non-Party Range States equally to submit to the INTERPOL General Secretariat, via their INTERPOL National Central Bureaux and using the Ecomessage system, information relating to the poaching of and illegal trade in gorillas Encourages the International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC) to recognize the seriousness of illegal international trade in gorillas, and to provide support to the implementation of the Gorilla Agreement Further calls upon the Parties, other Range States and the Interim Secretariat to cooperate with law enforcement bodies and regional enforcement networks, such as the Lusaka Agreement on cooperative enforcement operations directed at illegal trade in wild fauna and flora and its operational arm, the Lusaka Agreement Task Force where appropriate Democratic Republic of the Congo (Kinshasa), Rwanda, Uganda : Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and Their Habitats - UNEP/GA/Resolution 4.1 (12/2023) Fourth Meeting of the Parties of the Agreement on the Conservation of Gorillas and Their Habitats (GA MOP4) Encourages Parties to collaborate with accredited rescue centres and sanctuaries and other conservation partners, whenever possible, in the care, rehabilitation, and rewilding of confiscated live gorillas, following IUCN guidelines. Encourages Parties to submit information on illegal trade in great apes and great ape body parts to the GRASP Ape Seizure Database. Democratic Republic of the Congo : The illegal trade in great apes, including chimpanzees, gorillas, and bonobos, thrives in the DRC, fueled by bushmeat hunting and international demand for live animals. Despite existing laws, enforcement remains weak, and corruption exacerbates the issue. The Trade: Bushmeat and Body Parts: Great ape meat is sold locally in Kinshasa at lower prices than beef or chicken. Poachers target mother apes for meat and body parts, selling hands, feet, and skulls. Live Animals: Baby apes are captured and sold to international markets in China, the Middle East, and Europe. In Dubai and China, they are kept as pets or displayed in zoos, while in Nigeria, body parts are used in traditional medicine. Export Routes: Traffickers use air and river transport, often bypassing security by bribing officials. Exports flow to destinations like France, Belgium, Switzerland, and China. Legislative Context: Hunting and trafficking of great apes violate Congolese conservation laws. Corruption undermines enforcement; politicians and high-ranking officials are often complicit in the trade. Global laws like CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) classify African great apes as critically endangered, but enforcement in source countries like the DRC remains inadequate. Scale and Impact: Traffickers exploit weak governance to supply zoos, pet markets, and bushmeat demand. The illegal trade of live apes is estimated to generate $8 million annually. Populations of great apes in Africa are critically endangered due to habitat loss, hunting, and trafficking. France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. Guinea : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES (CITES) No. 2023/128 Geneva, 23 November 2023 CONCERNING: APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN GUINEA All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Indonesia : Orangutans are hunted for meat, body parts, and as illegal pets. Babies are often captured after their mothers are killed, driving further population decline. Orangutan skulls are hidden from public view in souvenir shops, unlike openly displayed monkey skulls. Hunters operate in oil palm plantation areas, where deforestation and fragmentation increase orangutans' vulnerability. Crimes often occur near orangutan habitats, especially in unprotected areas, and the animals are trafficked locally and internationally. While NGOs detect and report crimes, illegal killing and trafficking remain underreported, especially in remote areas. In contrast, crimes involving other species like Sumatran tigers receive higher prosecution rates and harsher sentences. The orangutan skulls trade violates Article 21 of Law No. 5/1990 , which protects endangered species and their ecosystems. Despite legal protections, enforcement remains weak, allowing the trade to persist. Orangutan crimes are rarely prosecuted. From 2007 to 2019, only 21 cases led to convictions. Punishments are light, with penalties as low as $35 or six months in jail. Illegal hunting and trafficking of orangutans in Indonesia continue to pose significant threats to these critically endangered species, with weak law enforcement allowing the crimes to persist. Officials often avoid legal action against local communities involved in orangutan crimes, prioritizing poverty alleviation and development over strict enforcement. Corruption allows high-ranking individuals to escape punishment, even when they illegally keep orangutans. Liberia : NOTIFICATION TO THE PARTIES No. 2018/012 CONCERNING: LIBERIA (22/01/2018) All commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species are suspended. Nigeria : Convention on Migratory Species - Gorilla Agreement National Report for Cross River Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli) Western Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) Eastern Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri) Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) President Buhari signed the Endangered Species (Control of International Trade and Traffic) Amendment Act in 2016. National Park legislation was also revised. United States : CHIMPANZEE HEALTH IMPROVEMENT, MAINTENANCE, AND PROTECTION ACT - 106th Congress Public Law 551 (20/12/2000) The Chimpanzee Health Improvement, Maintenance, and Protection Act addresses the ethical treatment of chimpanzees previously used in federally funded research and establishes strict rules for their care and trade: Chimpanzee Trade and Captivity: Chimpanzees previously bred, purchased, or captured for research are classified as surplus chimpanzees if they are no longer needed for studies. Once retired, they cannot be traded, sold, or subjected to research, except in rare cases approved by federal authorities under strict conditions. Legislative Protections: A national sanctuary system was created to provide lifetime care for retired chimpanzees. Ownership of surplus chimpanzees is transferred to the sanctuary, ensuring they are not traded or exploited for commercial purposes. Strict regulations prevent breeding and mandate comprehensive records of each chimpanzee's research history. Rare Research Exceptions: The law permits non-invasive studies under limited conditions, such as routine veterinary procedures. Research involving physical removal or harm is prohibited unless deemed essential for public health, reviewed by experts, and involves minimal distress to the chimpanzee. Regulations Against Illegal Trade: Chimpanzees cannot leave the sanctuary system once accepted, protecting them from re-entering illegal or exploitative trade networks. Only entities meeting stringent standards can manage sanctuaries, preventing misuse or neglect. Legislative Oversight: The Secretary of Health and Human Services oversees the sanctuary system, ensuring compliance with the law. Annual reports to Congress track the number of retired chimpanzees and the use of public and private funds to care for them. By regulating how chimpanzees are caught, traded, and retired, the act closes gaps that previously allowed exploitation while ensuring ethical treatment for those no longer used in research. Rules through the United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. Sexual trades : Pony's story See : Zoophilia Pony, an orangutan rescued from a brothel in Indonesia, symbolizes the cruelty of illegal wildlife trafficking and exploitation. This practice, driven by greed and enabled by deforestation and weak enforcement, continues to endanger orangutans, pushing them closer to extinction. Trafficking and Abuse: Pony was stolen as a baby, her mother likely killed in the process. Orangutans typically stay with their mothers for 7–11 years, making this separation devastating. She was held in a brothel, chained to a bed, and forced to perform sex acts on men who paid her captors. Her entire body was shaved every other day, leading to sores and infections. She was adorned with jewelry and perfume to make her appear “attractive.” Rescue and Recovery: In 2003, it took 35 armed police officers to rescue Pony from the resistant local community, who depended on her for income. Despite physical and emotional trauma, she displayed resilience, slowly regaining trust and adapting to her new life in the Nyaru Menteng Rehabilitation Centre. Due to her prolonged captivity, Pony lacks survival skills and cannot be released into the wild The Larger Issue: Illegal Trade Scale of the Problem: Around 1,000 orangutans are killed annually, often to sell their babies on the black market. For every baby orangutan sold, up to four others are killed. Traffickers sell orangutans for up to £10,000, with demand fueled by wealthy buyers, zoos, and even celebrities. Social Media’s Role: Platforms like Instagram and Facebook have made it easier to buy and sell endangered animals. Baby orangutans are particularly prized for their cute appearance but grow into unmanageable adults. Legislative and Conservation Challenges Weak Enforcement: Despite laws protecting orangutans, enforcement remains inconsistent. Traffickers often operate without fear of punishment. The illegal wildlife trade thrives due to corruption, limited resources, and growing online markets. Pony’s story is a stark reminder of the suffering caused by the illegal wildlife trade. Stricter enforcement, community education, and international cooperation are crucial to protecting orangutans and ensuring their survival. References : Species+ Publications Office Gorilla beringei (Eastern Gorilla) Gorilla gorilla (Western Gorilla) Pan paniscus (Bonobo) Pan troglodytes (Chimpanzee) Pongo pygmaeus ssp. pygmaeus (Northwest Bornean Orangutan) Pongo pygmaeus ssp. wurmbii (Southwest Bornean Orangutan) Pongo pygmaeus ssp. morio (Northeast Bornean Orangutan) Pongo abelii (Sumatran Orangutan) Pongo pygmaeus (Bornean Orangutan) Pongo tapanuliensis (Tapanuli Orangutan) cms_cop13_ca.13.1_e.pdf cms_ga_resolution_4.1_e.pdf cms_ga_mop4_meeting-report_e.pdf Resolution_2_1_Wildlife_Law_Enforcement_E Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance Nigeria National Report - MOP4.pdf govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-106publ551/html/PLAW-106publ551.htm Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State Sherman et al., 2022 ; Orangutan killing and trade in Indonesia: Wildlife crime, enforcement, and deterrence patterns - ScienceDirect Stop orangutan skull trade - ANTARA News Inside the DRC’s great ape trade - Oxpeckers Horrifying tale of prostitute orangutan who was chained to a bed, shaved daily and forced to perform sex acts on men – The Sun | The Sun

Tiger Panthera tigris Localization Siberia, Eastern, Southern and South-Eastern Asia Threats Annual and perennial non-timber crops Wood plantations Pulp plantations Livestock farming Ranching Oil drilling Gas drilling Mining Quarrying Roads and railroads Hunting Tiger farms Trapping terrestrial animals Logging and wood harvesting War, civil unrest and military exercises Fire and fire suppression Dams and water management/use Industrial effluents Military effluents Storms and flooding Supersitions about protection and sexual boost Population Decreasing ; between 2608 and 3905 mature adults (best estimate: 3140) U.I.C.N. : E.N. - Endangered C.I.T.E.S : Appendix I (1987) E.U. listing : Annex A Trade International: All international commercial trade in Tigers, their parts, products and derivatives, has long been prohibited. Afghanistan: 17/05/2013 Suspension of all exports. France : Article L413-10 Version in force since 02 December 2021 Created by LAW No. 2021-1539 of 30 November 2021 - art. 46 - Code de l'environnement Ban on Acquiring and Breeding Non-Domestic Animals: It is prohibited to buy, sell, or breed non-domestic species for use in traveling shows. This ban takes effect two years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2023). Prohibition on Keeping and Transporting Non-Domestic Animals: Traveling shows cannot keep, transport, or use non-domestic animals for performances starting seven years after the law’s enactment (November 30, 2028). Animal Welfare Provisions: Owners of affected animals will be provided with alternative accommodations ensuring the animals’ well-being. Exceptions: The Minister for Nature Protection can grant exceptions if suitable accommodations for the animals are unavailable. Certificates and Permits: New permits for keeping or showcasing non-domestic animals in traveling shows will no longer be issued, and existing permits will be revoked when animals leave. Animal Registration: Traveling establishments must register their animals in a national database within six months of the law’s promulgation. This law seeks to protect wildlife and promote humane treatment by phasing out the use of non-domestic animals in traveling shows. India: 26/03/2018 : The Management Authority of India has informed the Secretariat that the Government of India has banned the export for commercial purposes of all wild-taken specimens of species included in Appendices I, II and III, subject to paragraph 2 below. India permits the export of cultivated varieties of plant species included in Appendices I and II and has indicated that all products, other than the wood and wood products in the form of logs, timber, stumps, roots, bark, chips, powder, flakes, dust and charcoal, produced from wild sourced (W) Dalbergia sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia and authorized for export by a CITES Comparable Certificate issued by the competent authorities of India are exempted from the general ban. Such Dalbergia sissoo and Dalbergia latifolia specimens are harvested legally as per the regional and national laws of India and as per the prescribed management (working) plans, which are based on silvicultural principles and all are covered under Legal Procurement Certificate; all the material are sold from the Government timber depots through auction or are legally procured and can be exported legally. Starting on the date of this Notification, all the CITES Comparable Certificates will be issued with a footnote, stating that the wild (W) source specimens are covered under Legal Procurement Certificate as per regional and national laws in India. Parties are urged to inform the Indian Management Authority and the Secretariat of any attempted violations. This Notification replaces Notification to the Parties No. 1999/39 of 31 May 1999. Laos: 21/11/2023 APPLICATION OF ARTICLE XIII IN THE LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Recommendation to suspend trade for commercial purposes with the Lao People's Democratic Republic in specimens of all CITES-listed species and other recommendations Suspension of all commercial trade in specimens of CITES-listed species. Annex SC77 RECOMMENDATIONS [SEE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SC77 SUM. 6 (REV. 1)] Based on reporting from the Lao People’s Democratic Republic and the findings and observations contained in document SC77 Doc. 41.2 on Asian big cats in captivity, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic should: complete the full audit of the tigers kept in captivity, including the analyses of the collection of DNA samples and photos to assist with identification of individual specimens identify any pure specimens of tigers referable to the mainland Southeast Asian lineage (also known as Panthera tigris corbetti ) and encourage facilities to engage in coordinated conservation breeding of such animals, if identified take measures to limit the number of tigers to a level supportive only to conserving wild tigers by: restricting the breeding of tigers in captivity (sterilizing, separating male and female specimens), except for specimens of tigers referable to the mainland Southeast Asian lineage (also known as Panthera tigris corbetti ) not authorizing any further import of tiger live specimens, except for specimens of tigers referable to the mainland Southeast Asian lineage (also known as Panthera tigris corbetti ) for conservation breeding purposes prohibiting the establishment of any new tiger facilities implement stringent regulations for tiger husbandry standards to improve care and discourage expansion of captive-breeding facilities develop standard operating procedures for inspections and disposal of dead tiger specimens (including destruction of carcasses after verification of the dead individual) and train officials to undertake inspections and monitor the disposal of carcasses take measures to reduce the demand for tiger parts and derivatives through the implementation of campaigns and strategies taking into consideration the guidance in Resolution Conf. 17.4 (Rev. CoP19) on Demand reduction strategies to combat illegal trade in CITES-listed species and the outcomes in section 3 of the Big Cat Task Force outcomes document (see document SC77 Doc. 41.2) establish an appropriate advisory committee or mechanism with involvement of the CITES Secretariat and other relevant organizations and partners to provide advice on the transformation of commercial tiger farms inspect the tiger captive-breeding facility that the Secretariat could not visit and report to the Secretariat. United States : H.R. 263, the “Big Cat Public Safety Act,” which amends the Lacy Act (20/12/2022) The act revises the Lacey Act to impose stricter regulations on the trade, possession, breeding, and exhibition of big cats (lion, tiger, leopard, cheetah, jaguar, cougar, or hybrids). Key Provisions: Prohibited Activities: Importing, exporting, buying, selling, transporting, acquiring, possessing, or breeding big cats are prohibited unless exempt. Breeding Defined: Includes intentional or negligent propagation or failing to prevent reproduction. Exemptions: Entities like universities and wildlife sanctuaries may be exempt. Facilities with Class C licenses under the Animal Welfare Act can exhibit big cats if direct contact with the public is prohibited (with exceptions for professionals or conservation-related activities). Grandfather Clause: Owners may keep big cats born before the law's enactment but must register them with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Penalties: Violators face fines up to $20,000, imprisonment for up to five years, or both. Each violation is treated as a separate offense. Forfeiture: Big cats bred or possessed in violation of the law are subject to forfeiture. Implementation: The Department of the Interior will issue regulations to enforce the act. This legislation aims to enhance the conservation of big cats, prioritize public safety, and reduce illegal trade. Rules through the United States : Alabama: Restrictions on exotic animals like giant snails, bobcats, and venomous reptiles unless permitted before 2021. No release of non-native animals without a license. Alaska: Broad restrictions on wildlife, including wolf hybrids and chimpanzees. Some pets, like ferrets, are legal without a permit. Arizona: Extensive restrictions require permits for many species like primates, foxes, and Gila monsters. Permits are issued for specific purposes like education. Arkansas: Large carnivores and primates are restricted unless permitted before set years. Some venomous reptiles are allowed with permits, and up to six captive-bred animals like raccoons can be owned without a permit. California: Prohibits most wild animals, including bears and primates, but allows hybrids like Savannah cats. Colorado: Most exotic animals like primates and raccoons are banned, but hedgehogs and sugar gliders are allowed without permits. Connecticut: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and wolves. Limited ownership of primates allowed under specific conditions. Delaware: Requires permits for exotic animals; no comprehensive list of banned animals is provided. District of Columbia: Only common domestic pets like cats, dogs, and some birds are allowed. Exotic species are banned. Florida: Animals categorized into Classes I-III, with varying permit requirements. Non-dangerous animals like ferrets are exempt. Georgia: Strict permitting for wild animals like kangaroos and venomous snakes, while ferrets and sugar gliders are allowed under specific conditions. Hawaii: Most exotic animals, including hedgehogs and ferrets, are banned. A limited number of domesticated animals are permitted. Idaho: Prohibits animals harmful to agriculture, like wild boars and large cats. Llamas and guinea pigs are allowed without permits. Illinois: Restricts dangerous animals like large cats and wolves to organizations. Existing primates are allowed if registered. Indiana: Allows exotic animal ownership with permits for different classes, from squirrels to large predators. Iowa: Restricts dangerous wild animals unless permitted before 2007. Hybrids of domestic species are allowed. Kansas: Limits ownership of regulated animals like large cats, bears, and venomous snakes to approved facilities. Kentucky: Bans inherently dangerous animals like primates and bears. Some permits available for non-dangerous species. Louisiana: Requires permits for large snakes and prohibits endangered or dangerous species like bears and wolves. Maine: Broad restrictions on exotic pets like giraffes and kangaroos. Some exotic animals like coati are permitted. Maryland: Prohibits dangerous animals like primates and large cats unless registered before 2006. Massachusetts: Strict restrictions on endangered species and venomous reptiles. Ferrets allowed under specific conditions. Michigan: Restricts ownership of non-native species like large cats. Permits are available for captive-bred wildlife. Minnesota: Prohibits regulated animals like large cats unless registered before 2005. Mississippi: Requires liability insurance for permits to own inherently dangerous animals like elephants and primates. Missouri: Requires registration of dangerous reptiles and mammals with law enforcement. Montana: Requires annual permits for wild animals like large cats and bears. Many small exotics are legal without permits. Nebraska: Captive wildlife permits needed for most wild animals, excluding certain species like skunks and bears. Nevada: Relatively lenient, banning certain species like alligators but allowing primates and large cats. New Hampshire: Controlled species like armadillos and cougars require permits. New Jersey: Permits required for many species, including ferrets and primates. Some small animals are exempt. New Mexico: Regulates zoonotic disease carriers like skunks and raccoons; local laws may impose additional restrictions. New York: Prohibits most wild animals and hybrids; fines imposed for violations. North Carolina: Exotic pet laws vary by county or city; no statewide restrictions. North Dakota: Dangerous or hazardous animals like zebras and primates require licenses. Ohio: Strict laws after a 2011 incident, banning dangerous wild animals like tigers and bears without permits. Oklahoma: Permits required for venomous reptiles, while many exotic animals are exempt from regulation. Oregon: Prohibits wild cat species and large predators; permits available for service monkeys. Pennsylvania: Exotic wildlife permits required for animals like lions, wolves, and venomous snakes. Rhode Island: Only specific organizations can own wild carnivores like lions and tigers. South Carolina: Restricts large cats and apes unless registered by 2018. South Dakota: Permits required for most exotic animals, with specific rules for raccoon dogs. Tennessee: Classifies animals by risk level, requiring permits for certain classes. Texas: Requires a certificate of registration for dangerous wild animals like wild cats and primates. Utah: Controlled, noncontrolled, and prohibited animals require different levels of permitting. Vermont: Requires permits for exotic animals not on the unrestricted list. Virginia: Exotic animals like wild cats and crocodiles require permits. Washington: Prohibits dangerous animals like bears and venomous snakes. West Virginia: Requires permits with strict conditions for keeping wild animals. Wisconsin: Requires licenses for wild animals, but some, like opossums and ground squirrels, are exempt. Wyoming: Requires permits for most wildlife unless specifically exempted. Highlights: Stringent Restrictions: Hawaii, California, and New York are among the strictest states. Lenient Laws: Indiana and Nevada allow more exotic animals with fewer restrictions. Common Prohibitions: Dangerous animals like large cats, bears, primates, and venomous reptiles are frequently restricted. Permits: Most states offer permits for special cases like education or scientific purposes. Did you find a tiger (body, skin, bones...) for sale ? Indonesia Bukit Lawang, Bohorok North Sumatra, Indonesia Sumatra Ecoproject : info@sumeco.id Website : SUMECO (Sumatra Ecoproject) - Wildlife Conservation in Bukit Lawang, North Sumatra OURANOS Project : ouranosproject2023@gmail.com Sumatra Ecoproject OURANOS Project References : Panthera tigris (Tiger) (iucnredlist.org) Bills Signed: H.R. 263, H.R. 1193, H.R. 5796, H.R. 7077, S. 198, S. 231, S. 1617, S. 2796, S. 3092, S. 3115, S. 3499, S. 3662, S. 3875 | The White House Laws on Exotic Animals for Each State H.R.263 - 117th Congress (2021-2022): Big Cat Public Safety Act | Congress.gov | Library of Congress Species+ (speciesplus.net) Publications Office (europa.eu) Letter template (cites.org) Notification to the Parties No. 2018/031 (cites.org) 3kteyyvept_skin_and_bones_tiger_trafficking_analysis_from_january_2000_to_june_2022_r7.pdf (worldwildlife.org) Section 3: Provisions relating to animals of non-domestic species kept in captivity for entertainment purposes (Articles L413-9 to L413-14) - Légifrance

Rhone streber Zingel asper Apron du Rhône - équipe de la réserve , Jean-Bernard Catella Localisation Rhone Basin, France, Switzerland Threats Water pollution Dams and water uses Droughts Population Decreasing I.U.C.N. : C .R. - Critically endangered C.I.T.E.S : not indexed Trade France : Article L436-9 of the Environmental Code The administrative authority responsible for freshwater fisheries (DDT) may authorise the capture, transport or sale of fish at any time, for health, scientific and ecological purposes, in particular to enable them to be rescued, counted, reproduced, to promote restocking and to remedy biological imbalances: under national legislation, its transport and release only require a "fishing" permit under - Article L436-9 of the Environmental Code, instructed by the DDT in charge of freshwater fishing - the transposition into French law of international and European obligations remains very incomplete for this species (unlike, in particular, the European sturgeon) References : PNA-Apron-du-Rhone.pdf (biodiversite.gouv.fr) Zingel asper (iucnredlist.org) Article L436-9 - Code de l'environnement - Légifrance